< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/badwō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *bʰodʰweh₂ (“battle”)[1], from *bʰedʰh₂- (“to stab, dig”). Cognate with Old Irish Bodb (name of a battle goddess in the form of a crow).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbɑð.wɔː/

Noun

*badwō f[1]

  1. battle, fight

Inflection
ō-stemDeclension of *badwō (ō-stem)
singular plural
nominative *badwō *badwôz
vocative *badwō *badwôz
accusative *badwǭ *badwōz
genitive *badwōz *badwǫ̂
dative *badwōi *badwōmaz
instrumental *badwō *badwōmiz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *badu
    • Old English: badu, beado, beadu
      • ⇒ Old English: *beaduhōc
        • ⇒ Middle English: *bedhok, bedocke
          • English: beadhook, beedhook, bidhook
    • Old Saxon: badu (in compounds and personal names)
    • Old High German: badu, batu, pato (in personal names)
  • Old Norse: bǫð
    • Icelandic: böð (poetic)
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: bad
    • Swedish: bad; (dialectal) ba, badd
    • Old Danish: bad
  • Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌿𐍃 (*badus)
    • → Latin: Badwila, Baduarius

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*badwō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47
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