Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mor- (“malicious female spirit”), from *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with Serbo-Croatian мо̏ра (“nightmare”), Old Irish Morrígan (“phantom queen”).

Noun

*marǭ f

evil (female) spirit; succubus; incubus
nightmare

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *marǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*marǭ	*marōniz
vocative	*marǭ	*marōniz
accusative	*marōnų	*marōnunz
genitive	*marōniz	*marōnǫ̂
dative	*marōni	*marōmaz
instrumental	*marōnē	*marōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *marā
- Old English: mare
  - Middle English: mare
    - Scots: mare, mair
    - English: mare
- Old Saxon: *mara
  - Middle Low German: māre, mar m
- Old Dutch: *mara
  - Middle Dutch: māre
    - Dutch: mare, maar
- Old High German: mara
  - Middle High German: mare, mar
    - German: Mahr
Old Norse: mara
- Icelandic: mara
- Norwegian: mara, mare
- Old Swedish: mara
  - Swedish: mara
- Danish: mare

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