< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/meduz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *médʰu. Cognate with Sanskrit मधु (madhu), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬎‎ (maδu), Ancient Greek μέθυ (méthu).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈme.ðuz/

Noun

*meduz m[1][2]

  1. intoxicating drink
  2. mead

Inflection
u-stemDeclension of *meduz (u-stem)
singular plural
nominative *meduz *midiwiz
vocative *medu *midiwiz
accusative *medų *medunz
genitive *medauz *midiwǫ̂
dative *midiwi *medumaz
instrumental *medū *medumiz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *medu
    • Old English: medu, medo, meodo
      • Middle English: mede, methe (influenced by Old Norse mjǫðr)
    • Old Frisian: mede
      • Saterland Frisian: Meede
      • West Frisian: mea
    • Old Saxon: medu
      • Middle Low German: mēde, medde
        • Low German: Mia (Westphalian dialects)
    • Old Dutch: *medu
    • Old High German: metu
  • Old Norse: mjǫðr
    • Icelandic: mjöður
    • Faroese: mjøður
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: mjød; (dialectal) mjør, mjøyr’e
    • Old Swedish: miödher, mioþer
    • Old Danish: mioth, miøth, møth
  • →? Proto-Finnic: *metu (see there for further descendants)
  • →? Ancient Greek: μέδος (médos)
  • →? Hunnic: μέδος (médos, “beverage akin to mead”)
  • → Latin: mēdus

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*medu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 361
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*međuz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 265
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