< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/muþraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *múHtrom (“excrement, filth”).

Noun

*muþraz m [1]

  1. sediment

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *muþraz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *muþraz *muþrōz, *muþrōs
vocative *muþr *muþrōz, *muþrōs
accusative *muþrą *muþranz
genitive *muþras, *muþris *muþrǫ̂
dative *muþrai *muþramaz
instrumental *muþrō *muþramiz

Descendants
  • English: mother (“sediment, yeast”)
  • Middle Dutch: modder (“filth, dregs”)
    • Dutch: modder (“mud”), moeder
      • ⇒ Dutch: moer (“sediment formed in alcoholic drinks and vinegar”)
  • Middle Low German: modder, modde, mōde (“mud”)
    • German Low German: modder (“mud”)
      • → German: Modder (“mud”)
    • → Middle High German: moder (“mold, swamp”)
      • German: Moder (“decomposing mass, moldiness”)

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*muþraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 278
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