Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skarną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱerd-, *(s)ḱer- (“dung, manure, filth”). Cognate with Latin cerda ("dung, feces"; in compounds: mūscerda, sūcerda, etc.), Ancient Greek σκῶρ (skôr, “excrement, feces”).

Noun

*skarną n

filth, dung

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *skarną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skarną	*skarnō
vocative	*skarną	*skarnō
accusative	*skarną	*skarnō
genitive	skarnas, skarnis	*skarnǫ̂
dative	*skarnai	*skarnamaz
instrumental	*skarnō	*skarnamiz

Related terms

*harnaz

Descendants

Old English: sċearn
- Middle English: scharn
  - Scots: scharn, schairn
  - English: sharn
Old Frisian: skern
- West Frisian: skerne, skarne
- North Frisian: skärn, skern
Old Saxon: *skarn
- Middle Low German: scharn
  - Low German: Scharn
- ⇒ Old Saxon: skerning, skerling
  - Middle Low German: schērlinc
Old Dutch: *skarn
- Middle Dutch: scharn
  - Dutch: scharn
- ⇒ Old Dutch: *scerninc, *scarninc
  - Middle Dutch: scerlinc, scarlinc
    - Dutch: scheerling
Old High German: scarno m
- ⇒ Old High German: scerning, scerlinc, scerilinc
  - Middle High German: scherlinc, schirlinc
    - German: Schierling
Old Norse: skarn
- Icelandic: skarn
- Faroese: skarn
- Norwegian: skarn
- Old Swedish: skarn
  - Swedish: skarn
    - → English: skarn
    - → German: Skarn
- Danish: skarn

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