Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/staumaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *staubmaz, from *staubaz (“dust”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, obscure”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to whirl, waft, stink, shake; steam, haze, smoke”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstɑu̯.mɑz/

Noun

*staumaz m

steam, vapour

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *staumaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*staumaz	staumōz, staumōs
vocative	*staum	staumōz, staumōs
accusative	*staumą	*staumanz
genitive	staumas, staumis	*staumǫ̂
dative	*staumai	*staumamaz
instrumental	*staumō	*staumamiz

Related terms

*steubaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *staum
- Old English: stēam
  - Middle English: stēm, steem
    - Scots: stem, steam
    - English: steam
- Old Frisian: *stām
  - Saterland Frisian: Stoom
  - West Frisian: steam
- Old Saxon: *stōm
  - Middle Low German: stôm
    - German Low German: Stoom
    - Low German: stom
- Old Dutch: *stōm
  - Middle Dutch: *stôom
    - Dutch: stoom
      - Afrikaans: stoom
      - → Indonesian: setom, setum
      - → Papiamentu: stoom (dated)
      - → West Frisian: stoom
    - Limburgish: stoum
(Old Norse: *staumr; *stauma, *steyma (verb))
- Norwegian: stamma (verb), stamba (verb) (dialectal)
- Swedish: stimma (noun & verb), stimba (noun & verb) (dialectal)
- → Scots: stim (noun)

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