< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tīwaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *deywós (“god”). Possibly attested as 𐌕𐌄𐌉𐌅𐌀 (teiva) on the Negau helmet.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtiː.wɑz/

Noun

*tīwaz m

  1. deity, god
  2. (Runic alphabet) name of the T-rune (ᛏ)
  3. (as a proper noun) Tyr, the Germanic god of war. Identified in later times with the Roman god Mars.

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *tīwaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *tīwaz *tīwōz, *tīwōs
vocative *tīw *tīwōz, *tīwōs
accusative *tīwą *tīwanz
genitive *tīwas, *tīwis *tīwǫ̂
dative *tīwai *tīwamaz
instrumental *tīwō *tīwamiz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *Tīw
    • Old English: Tīw, Tuu
      • → English: Tiw
    • Old Frisian: Tii
    • Old High German: Ziu, *Zīw
  • Old Norse: týr, Týr
  • Gothic: *𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍅𐍃 (*teiws) (uncertain)

References
  1. Markey, Tom (2001), “A Tale of Two Helmets: The Negau A and B Inscriptions”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies, volume 29, issue 1/2, pages 69–172
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