< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kácyah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Adjective

*kácyah[1][2][3]

  1. comparative degree of *kacúš (“small, less”): smaller, lesser

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵‎ (kasiiah, “young”)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *kāśśi
      • Proto-Ossetic: *kāsɨ
        • Old Ossetic: *kas
          • ⇒ Old Ossetic: *ægas
          • ⇒? Old Ossetic: *Gōdigas
            • →? Ancient Greek: Γωδιγασος (Gōdigasos)
      • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *kāśśi
        • Wakhi: kaṣ̌
        • ⇒ Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *nigāśśi (+ *ni-)
          • Proto-Saka: *nyāśśi
            • Khotanese: [script needed] (nyaśśa)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kermanic:
      Nayini: käs
      Central Tarahumara, Varzenehi: kas
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian: (/keh/)
      Manichaean script: 𐫞𐫏𐫍‎ (qyh), 𐫐𐫏𐫍‎ (kyh)
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ks)
      • Persian: که‎ (keh)

Further reading
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*kas4”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 334
  2. Sims-Williams, Nicholas; Tucker, Elisabeth (2005), “Avestan huuōista- and its cognates*”, in Indogermanica: Festschrift Gert Klingenschmitt, Taimering: Schweiger VWT-Verlag
  3. Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999), “kaṣ̌”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN
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