< Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian

Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/za-

This Proto-Kartvelian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Kartvelian

Etymology

The full form is only found in Svan. In Georgian and Zan languages it appears in compounds, such as Proto-Georgian-Zan *za-mt-ar- (“winter”) and Proto-Georgian-Zan *za-pxul- (“summer”). According to Klimov (1998), Proto-Kartvelian speakers divided the year into two basic seasons.

Root

*za-

  1. year
  2. season

Descendants
  • Georgian-Zan: *za-mt-ar- (“winter”), *za-px-ul- (“summer”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Svan: ზა̈ჲ (zäy, “year”), ზა̈ჳ (zäw, “this year”), ლჷზა̈ჲ (ləzäy, “of this year”)

References
  • Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 56
  • Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 166
  • Starostin, S. A. (2005), “*za-”, in Kartvelian etymological database compiled on the basis of G. Klimov's and Fähnrich-Sarjveladze's etymological dictionaries of Kartvelian languages
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