< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔak-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⴳⴹⵉⴹ (agḍiḍ, “bird”).

Noun

*ʔak- m or f

  1. owl
  2. raven
  3. vulture

Inflection
Declension of *ʔak-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *ʔakum *ʔakāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *ʔakim *ʔakayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *ʔakam
possessive forms
1st person *ʔakī / *ʔakVya — *ʔakVni
2nd person m *ʔakVka *ʔakVkumā / *ʔakVkumay *ʔakVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ʔakVki *ʔakVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ʔakVšu *ʔakVšumā / *ʔakVšumay *ʔakVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ʔakVša *ʔakVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔakuya for nom. case, *ʔakiya for gen. case, *ʔakaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔak-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *ʔakuka *ʔakāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *ʔakika *ʔakayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *ʔakaka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔak-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *ʔakuki *ʔakāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *ʔakiki *ʔakayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *ʔakaki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒀝𒆪𒌑 (akkû, “owl”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: אוֹחַ‎ (óakh, ʾốaḥ, “eagle owl”)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Amharic: ጉጉት (gugut, “owl”)
      • Ge'ez: ኳኳ (kʷakʷa, “raven”)
      • Tigrinya: ኳኵ (kʷakʷ, “crow, raven”)
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