< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/būṣ-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*būṣ- m

  1. sedge, rush, reed, flax, any fibrous plant in the form of long grass and product thereof

Inflection
Declension of *būṣ-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *būṣum *būṣāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *būṣim *būṣayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *būṣam
possessive forms
1st person *būṣī / *būṣVya — *būṣVni
2nd person m *būṣVka *būṣVkumā / *būṣVkumay *būṣVkum(ū)
2nd person f *būṣVki *būṣVkin(ā)
3rd person m *būṣVšu *būṣVšumā / *būṣVšumay *būṣVšum(ū)
3rd person f *būṣVša *būṣVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *būṣuya for nom. case, *būṣiya for gen. case, *būṣaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *būṣ-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *būṣuka *būṣāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *būṣika *būṣayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *būṣaka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *būṣ-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *būṣuki *būṣāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *būṣiki *būṣayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *būṣaki

Derived terms
  • Proto-Semitic: *biṣbūṣ- (“horsetail, Equisetum spp.”)
    • West Semitic:
      • Central Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בִּטְבּוּט‎ (biṭbūṭ), שְׁבַטְבִּיטָא‎ (šəḇaṭbīṭā) (contaminated with שִׁבְטָא‎ (šiḇṭā, “staff, rod”))
          • Classical Syriac: ܫܒܰܛܒܴ݁ܛܳܐ‎ (šəḇaṭbāṭā) (contaminated with ܫܰܒܛܳܐ‎ (šabṭā, “staff, rod”))
          • → Arabic: بَطْبَاط‎ (baṭbāṭ), شَبَطْبَاط‎ (šabaṭbāṭ)
          • → Hebrew: בְּטְבָּט‎ (b'tbát, bəṭbāṭ), בִּטְבּוּט‎ (bitbút, biṭbûṭ), שְׁבַטְבָּט‎ (sh'vatbát, šəḇaṭbāṭ)
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: בִּצְבּוּץ‎ (bitsbúts, biṣbûṣ), שְׁבַצְבָּץ‎ (sh'vatsbáts, šəḇaṣbāṣ), שְׁבַצְבּוּץ‎ (sh'vatsbúts, šəḇaṣbûṣ) (contaminated with שֵׁבֶט‎ (shévet, šḗḇeṭ, “staff, rod”))
  • Proto-Semitic: *būṣīn-
    • East Semitic:
      • Akkadian: 𒄑𒁍𒍢𒅔 (būṣīnnum, “mullein, a plant (Verbascum); wick, lamp”)
    • West Semitic:
      • Central Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בּוּצִינָא‎ (būṣīnā, bōṣīnā, “a young pumpkin; lamp”)
          • Classical Mandaic: ࡁࡅࡑࡉࡏࡀ‎ (būṣīnā, “pumpkin”)
          • Classical Syriac: ܒܾ݁ܘܨܺܝܢܳܐ‎ (būṣīnā, “wick, candle; pumpkin, gourd; mullein”)
            • → Old Armenian: բուծին (bucin, “candle wick”)
            • → Khotanese: 𑀩𑀽𑀰𑀻𑀦𑁃 (būśīnai, “byssus”)
            • → Middle Persian:
              Book Pahlavi script: 𐮱𐮵𐮿𐯍𐮲𐮵𐮰‎ (𐮱𐮵𐮿𐯍𐮲𐮵𐮰 /bōzīnʾ/), 𐮱𐮿𐯍𐮲𐮵𐮷‎ (𐮱𐮿𐯍𐮲𐮵𐮷 /buzīnag/, “a kind of cucumber, cintron”)
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: בּוּצִין‎ (butsín, bûṣîn)
  • Proto-Semitic: *būṣīr-
    • West Semitic:

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒁍𒌋𒋗 (būṣum, “byssus”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: بُوص‎ (būṣ, “reed”)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בּוּצָא‎ (būṣā, “byssus”)
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: בּוּץ‎ (buts, bûṣ, “byssus”)
            • → Ancient Greek: βύσσος (bússos, “flax, linen, cotton, silk”), βῠ́σσᾰ (bússa)
              • → Ge'ez: ቢሶስ (bisos), ብሶስ (bəsos), ቡሱስ (busus), በሱስ (bäsus), ብሲስ (bəsis), ብሱስ (bəsus), ቢሶን (bison, “fine green linen”)
                • ⇒ Ge'ez: ቢስንሶ (bisənso, “green”)
                • → Tigrinya: ቢሶ (biso, “green leather, velvet”)
              • → Gothic: 𐌱𐍅𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽 (bwssaun)
              • → Latin: byssus, bissus
              • ⇒ Byzantine Greek: βυσσίνη (bussínē)
                • → Arabic: بُزْيُون‎ (buzyūn, “a kind of piece of fine silk for clothing”)
                  • ⇒? Arabic: بَزّ‎ (bazz, “cloth”)
  • → Old Armenian: *բեեզ (*beez, “fine linen”), բեհեզ (behez), բեհէզ (behēz)
    • → Armenian: բեհեզ (behez)
    • → Old Georgian: ზეეზი (zeezi), ზეჰეზი (zehezi), ზელეზი (zelezi), ზეზი (zezi)
    • →? Arabic: بَزّ‎ (bazz, “cloth”)
      • → Azerbaijani: bəz
      • → Ottoman Turkish: بز‎ (bez)
        • Turkish: bez
        • → Crimean Tatar: böz
          • → Chuvash: пӳс (püs)
        • → Russian: бязь (bjazʹ), безь (bezʹ)
        • → Serbo-Croatian:
          Cyrillic script: бе̏з
          Latin script: bȅz
      • → Old Italian: albagio
        • →? Campidanese: orbaci (either via Old Italian or directly from Arabic)
        • →? Logudorese: arvatze (either via Old Italian or directly from Arabic)
        • →? Nuorese: orbace (either via Old Italian or directly from Arabic)
  • →? Ottoman Turkish: بوغاسی‎ (boğası, “a kind of twilled high-quality cotton used for garments, or particularly their linings”), بوغاصی‎ (boğası), بوحاسی‎ (bohası) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Uyghur: böz (“cotton cloth”)

References
  • Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 110
  • Löw, Immanuel (1916), “Schachtelhalm und Schwaden”, in Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (in German), volume 19, issue 12, column 353a–360b
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