< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic

Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mašk-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic *masak-. Compare Egyptian mskꜣ (“skin, hide, leather”) and Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⴽⵙⵓⵎ (aksum, “skin, hide”).

Noun

*mašk- m

  1. skin

Inflection
Declension of *mašk-
Case Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *maškum *maškāna plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive *maškim *maškayna plural stem + *-īna
Accusative *maškam
possessive forms
1st person *maškī / *maškVya — *maškVni
2nd person m *maškVka *maškVkumā / *maškVkumay *maškVkum(ū)
2nd person f *maškVki *maškVkin(ā)
3rd person m *maškVšu *maškVšumā / *maškVšumay *maškVšum(ū)
3rd person f *maškVša *maškVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.

Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *maškuya for nom. case, *maškiya for gen. case, *maškaya for acc. case, etc.

Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *mašk-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *maškuka *maškāka plural stem + *-ūka
Genitive *maškika *maškayka plural stem + *-īka
Accusative *maškaka
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *mašk-
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *maškuki *maškāki plural stem + *-ūki
Genitive *maškiki *maškayki plural stem + *-īki
Accusative *maškaki

Descendants
  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒋢 (maškum, “skin, leather”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: مَسْك‎ (mask, “recently cut hide of a lamb or a kid”)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
          Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מַשְׁכָּא‎ (maškā, “skin, leather”), absolute state מְשַׁךְ‎ (mšaḵ)
          Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: משך‎ (mšk, “hide, skin, leather”)
          Imperial Aramaic: 𐡌𐡔𐡊‎ (mšk, “skin, hide”)
          Palmyrene: 𐡬𐡵𐡪‎ (mšk, “skin, hide”)
          • Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡉࡔࡊࡀ‎ (miška, “skin”), (sporadically) ࡌࡀࡔࡊࡀ‎ (maška)
          • Modern Aramaic: ܡܫܟܐ‎ (meškā, “skin”), ܡܫܟܐ‎ (miška, “skin”)
          • Classical Syriac: ܡܶܫܟܴ݁ܐ‎ (meškā, “skin, hide; leather; peel; tribute”)
          • → Ancient Greek: μέσκος (méskos, “skin, fleece”) (or from another descendant)
          • → Old Armenian: մաշկ (mašk, “skin, hide”)
          • → Old Persian: 𐎶𐏁𐎣𐎠 (m-š-k-a /maškā-/, “(inflated) skin”) (or from another descendant)
            • Middle Persian: [script needed] (mšk' /mašk/, “mussuck, skin bag”)
              • Persian: مشک‎ (mašk)
                • → Chagatai: مشك‎ (mešk), مشیك‎ (mešik)
                • → Hindustani:
                  Hindi: मशक (maśak)
                  Urdu: مشک‎ (maśak)
                • → Ottoman Turkish: مشك‎ (meşk)
        • Canaanite:
          • Hebrew: מֶשֶׁךְ‎ (méshekh, méšeḵ, “leather pouch”) (with a meaning shift)

References
  • Tower of Babel
  • “mšk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Shooshtary, Dakhil (2012), “Skin”, in Mandaic Dictionary: English Mandaic, Bloomington: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 239
  • Militarev, Alexander; Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, No. 190
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “մաշկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 260
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 311
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