Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/zamar-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*zamar-

to make music

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/zamar- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*zamr-
active participle					*zāmir-
passive participle					zamīr-, zamūr-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*zamarku	*zamarka	*zamara		*zamarkayā	*zamarkā	*zamarā	*zamarna	*zamarkanu	*zamarū
perfect	f	*zamarku	*zamarki	*zamarat		*zamarkayā	*zamarkā	*zamaratā	*zamarna	*zamarkina	*zamarā

imperfect	m	*ʔazmur	*tazmur	*yizmur			*tazmurā	*yazmurā	*nizmur	*tazmurū	*yizmurū
imperfect	f	*ʔazmur	*tazmurī	*tazmur			*tazmurā	*tazmurā	*nizmur	*tazmurā	*yizmurā

imperative	m		*zamur				*zamurā			*zamurū
imperative	f		*zamurī				*zamurā			*zamurā

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒍝𒈠𒊒𒌝 (zamārum, “to sing”)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: زَمَرَ‎ (zamara)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: זְמַר‎ (zəmar)
      - Classical Syriac: ܙܡܰܪ‎ (zəmar)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: זִמֵּר‎ (zimér, zimmēr)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎇𐎎𐎗 (zmr /zamara/, “to sing”)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ዘመረ (zämärä, “to sing”)
  - Amharic: መዘመረ (mäzämärä, “to sing”), መዘሙረ (mäzämurä, “religious song”)

References

Proto-Semitic Language & Culture; Semitic Roots (2011). John Huehnergard.

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