< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čisti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)keistéi (mobile accent), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷeyt-. Cognate with Latvian šķist (“to think, to suppose”).

Verb

*čistì impf[1][2][3]

  1. to read
  2. to honour

Inflection
Conjugation of *čisti, *čьte, *čьtetь (impf., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*čьtenьje *čisti *čistъ *čьtlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *čьtenъ *čьtomъ
Active *čьtъ *čьty
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *čisъ*čьte*čьte *čьtǫ*čьteši*čьtetь
Dual *čisově*čista*čiste *čьtevě*čьteta*čьtete
Plural *čisomъ*čiste*čisę *čьtemъ*čьtete*čьtǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *čьtěaxъ*čьtěaše*čьtěaše —*čьti*čьti
Dual *čьtěaxově*čьtěašeta*čьtěašete *čьtěvě*čьtěta—
Plural *čьtěaxomъ*čьtěašete*čьtěaxǫ *čьtěmъ*čьtěte—
Conjugation of *čisti, *čьte, *čьtetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*čьtenьje *čisti *čistъ *čьtlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *čьtenъ *čьtomъ
Active *čьtъ *čьty
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *čьt(ox)ъ*čьte*čьte *čьtǫ*čьteši*čьtetь
Dual *čьt(ox)ově*čьt(e/os)ta*čьt(e/os)te *čьtevě*čьteta*čьtete
Plural *čьt(ox)omъ*čьt(e/os)te*čьtǫ, *čьtošę *čьtemъ*čьtete*čьtǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *čьtěaxъ*čьtěaše*čьtěaše —*čьti*čьti
Dual *čьtěaxově*čьtěašeta*čьtěašete *čьtěvě*čьtěta—
Plural *čьtěaxomъ*čьtěašete*čьtěaxǫ *čьtěmъ*čьtěte—

Derived terms
  • *čitati
  • *čislo (“number”)
  • *čьstь (“honour”)
  • *čьtъ (“account”)
    • *otъčьtъ (“record, report”)
    • *bezčьtъ (“infinity, countlessness”)
    • *orzčьtъ (“calculation, estimation”)
  • *čьtьnъ (“even (for numbers)”)
    • *bezčьtьnъ (“odd (for numbers)”)
  • *čьtеnъ (“readable, literate”)
  • *čьtеnьje (“reading”)

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: чисти (čisti)
    • Bulgarian: чета (četa)
    • Serbo-Croatian: čísti (attested 13-16 cent.)
    • Slovene: štẹ́ti (tonal orthography) (back-formed from the present tense)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čisti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 89: “v.”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “čisti: čьtǫ čьtetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c læse, ære (PR 139)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “štẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*čisti̋, sed. *čь̏tǫ”
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