< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čitъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *keiˀtas, cognate with Lithuanian kíetas (“hard, rigid”), Latvian ciêts (“solid”), Albanian citë (“full”).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *čitъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čitъ | *čita | *čito |
| Accusative | *čitъ | *čitǫ | *čito |
| Genitive | *čita | *čity | *čita |
| Locative | *čitě | *čitě | *čitě |
| Dative | *čitu | *čitě | *čitu |
| Instrumental | *čitomь | *čitojǫ | *čitomь |
| Vocative | *čite | *čito | *čito |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| Accusative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| Genitive | *čitu | *čitu | *čitu |
| Locative | *čitu | *čitu | *čitu |
| Dative | *čitoma | *čitama | *čitoma |
| Instrumental | *čitoma | *čitama | *čitoma |
| Vocative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čiti | *čity | *čita |
| Accusative | *čity | *čity | *čita |
| Genitive | *čitъ | *čitъ | *čitъ |
| Locative | *čitěxъ | *čitaxъ | *čitěxъ |
| Dative | *čitomъ | *čitamъ | *čitomъ |
| Instrumental | *čity | *čitami | *čity |
| Vocative | *čiti | *čity | *čita |
Definite declension of *čitъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čitъjь | *čitaja | *čitoje |
| Accusative | *čitъjь | *čitǫjǫ | *čitoje |
| Genitive | *čitajego | *čityję | *čitajego |
| Locative | *čitějemь | *čitěji | *čitějemь |
| Dative | *čitujemu | *čitěji | *čitujemu |
| Instrumental | *čityjimi | *čitǫjǫ | *čityjimi |
| Vocative | *čitъjь | *čitaja | *čitoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| Accusative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| Genitive | *čituju | *čituju | *čituju |
| Locative | *čituju | *čituju | *čituju |
| Dative | *čityjima | *čityjima | *čityjima |
| Instrumental | *čityjima | *čityjima | *čityjima |
| Vocative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čitiji | *čityję | *čitaja |
| Accusative | *čityję | *čityję | *čitaja |
| Genitive | *čitъjixъ | *čitъjixъ | *čitъjixъ |
| Locative | *čityjixъ | *čityjixъ | *čityjixъ |
| Dative | *čityjimъ | *čityjimъ | *čityjimъ |
| Instrumental | *čityjimi | *čityjimi | *čityjimi |
| Vocative | *čitiji | *čityję | *čitaja |
Derived terms
- *čitavъ (“whole, intact”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: чы́ты (čýty, “sober”) (dialectal)
- Russian: чи́тый (čítyj, “sober”) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: чи̏ти
- Latin: čȉt
- Serbo-Croatian:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čitъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 124
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