< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Taken from old consonantal stem nouns in *-en- with a generalized long grade. This is also suggested by the adjectives built from a */men/-stem nouns, e.g.

  • *kamy (“stone”) → *kaměnъ (“stony, rocky, made of stone”) (and not **kameněnъ as in Bulgarian, for example)
  • *polmy (“flame”) → *polměnъ (“fiery”) (and not **polmeněnъ as in Bulgarian, for example)

Adjective

*-ěnъ

  1. Forming adjectives meaning 'made of <the baseword>'; -en
    1. Denominal
      *volsъ (“hair”) → *volsěnъ (“made of (horse) hair”)
      *dervo (“tree”) → *dervěnъ (“wooden, made of wood”)
      *lьnъ (“linen”) → *lьněnъ (“flaxen, linen”)
    2. Deverbative
      *děti, *dějati (“to do, make”) → *dobro-dějanъ (“virtuous”)
      *piti (“drink”) → *pьjanъ (“drunk”)

Declension
Indefinite declension of *-ěnъ (hard)
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěnъ *ěna *ěno
Accusative *ěnъ *ěnǫ *ěno
Genitive *ěna *ěny *ěna
Locative *ěně *ěně *ěně
Dative *ěnu *ěně *ěnu
Instrumental *ěnomь *ěnojǫ *ěnomь
Vocative *ěne *ěno *ěno
Dual Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěna *ěně *ěně
Accusative *ěna *ěně *ěně
Genitive *ěnu *ěnu *ěnu
Locative *ěnu *ěnu *ěnu
Dative *ěnoma *ěnama *ěnoma
Instrumental *ěnoma *ěnama *ěnoma
Vocative *ěna *ěně *ěně
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěni *ěny *ěna
Accusative *ěny *ěny *ěna
Genitive *ěnъ *ěnъ *ěnъ
Locative *ěněxъ *ěnaxъ *ěněxъ
Dative *ěnomъ *ěnamъ *ěnomъ
Instrumental *ěny *ěnami *ěny
Vocative *ěni *ěny *ěna
Definite declension of *-ěnъ (hard)
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěnъjь *ěnaja *ěnoje
Accusative *ěnъjь *ěnǫjǫ *ěnoje
Genitive *ěnajego *ěnyję *ěnajego
Locative *ěnějemь *ěněji *ěnějemь
Dative *ěnujemu *ěněji *ěnujemu
Instrumental *ěnyjimi *ěnǫjǫ *ěnyjimi
Vocative *ěnъjь *ěnaja *ěnoje
Dual Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
Accusative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
Genitive *ěnuju *ěnuju *ěnuju
Locative *ěnuju *ěnuju *ěnuju
Dative *ěnyjima *ěnyjima *ěnyjima
Instrumental *ěnyjima *ěnyjima *ěnyjima
Vocative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative *ěniji *ěnyję *ěnaja
Accusative *ěnyję *ěnyję *ěnaja
Genitive *ěnъjixъ *ěnъjixъ *ěnъjixъ
Locative *ěnyjixъ *ěnyjixъ *ěnyjixъ
Dative *ěnyjimъ *ěnyjimъ *ěnyjimъ
Instrumental *ěnyjimi *ěnyjimi *ěnyjimi
Vocative *ěniji *ěnyję *ěnaja

Derived terms
Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ěnъ

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: -яно́й (-janój), -я́ный (-jányj), -я́нный (-jánnyj) (< *-ěnьnъ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: -ѣнъ (-ěnŭ)
    • Bulgarian: -ен (-en), -енен (-enen)
    • Macedonian: -ен (-en)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: -ен
      Latin: -en
    • Slovene: -en
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: -ěný
    • Old Polish: -any
    • Slovak: -ený

References
  • Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 93
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.