Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-oda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps continuing Proto-Balto-Slavic *-adāˀ. Rare suffix with unclear functions. Possibly related with Ancient Greek -άδος (-ádos) in genitive case of feminine nouns, see Παλλάς (Pallás), δορκᾰ́ς (dorkás).

Suffix

*-oda f[1]

Forming names of the plants
*aga (“berry”) → *àgoda (“berry”)

*albʰós (“white”) → *olboda (“goosefoot”)
Forming abstract nouns
*svobъ (“one's own”) → *svobodà (“freedom”)

*laga (“something arranged”) → *lagoda (“carelessness, pleasure”)

Declension

Declension of *-oda (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*-oda	*-odě	*-ody
Accusative	*-odǫ	*-odě	*-ody
Genitive	*-ody	*-odu	*-odъ
Locative	*-odě	*-odu	-odasъ, -odaxъ^*
Dative	*-odě	*-odama	*-odamъ
Instrumental	-odojǫ, -odǫ^**	*-odama	*-odami
Vocative	*-odo	*-odě	*-ody

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oda

References

Matasović, Ranko (2014), “2.11.37 *-oda < *-adā”, in Slavic Nominal Word-formation: Proto-Indo-European Origins and Historical Development (Empirie und Theorie der Sprachwissenschaft; 3), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 153