< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic 
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
      Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bъrzъ
Proto-Slavic
    
    Etymology
    
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *burźus. Most likely an archaic u-stem adjective, continuing Proto-Indo-European *br̥ǵʰús from Proto-Indo-European *mreǵʰ- (“short, brief”). Cognate with Lithuanian burzdùs (“swift, quick”), Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús, “short”), Latin brevis (“brief”) and related to Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥ȷ́ʰúš (“short”), Proto-Germanic *murguz (“merry, leisure”).
Alternative forms
    
- *bъrzъkъ (extended with Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ)
- *bъrgъ (in East South Slavic)
- *bъrzdъ
Inflection
    
Indefinite declension of *bъrzъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *bъrzъ | *bъrza | *bъrzo | 
| Accusative | *bъrzъ | *bъrzǫ | *bъrzo | 
| Genitive | *bъrza | *bъrzy | *bъrza | 
| Locative | *bъrzě | *bъrzě | *bъrzě | 
| Dative | *bъrzu | *bъrzě | *bъrzu | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzomь | *bъrzojǫ | *bъrzomь | 
| Vocative | *bъrze | *bъrzo | *bъrzo | 
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
| Nominative | *bъrza | *bъrzě | *bъrzě | 
| Accusative | *bъrza | *bъrzě | *bъrzě | 
| Genitive | *bъrzu | *bъrzu | *bъrzu | 
| Locative | *bъrzu | *bъrzu | *bъrzu | 
| Dative | *bъrzoma | *bъrzama | *bъrzoma | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzoma | *bъrzama | *bъrzoma | 
| Vocative | *bъrza | *bъrzě | *bъrzě | 
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
| Nominative | *bъrzi | *bъrzy | *bъrza | 
| Accusative | *bъrzy | *bъrzy | *bъrza | 
| Genitive | *bъrzъ | *bъrzъ | *bъrzъ | 
| Locative | *bъrzěxъ | *bъrzaxъ | *bъrzěxъ | 
| Dative | *bъrzomъ | *bъrzamъ | *bъrzomъ | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzy | *bъrzami | *bъrzy | 
| Vocative | *bъrzi | *bъrzy | *bъrza | 
Definite declension of *bъrzъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *bъrzъjь | *bъrzaja | *bъrzoje | 
| Accusative | *bъrzъjь | *bъrzǫjǫ | *bъrzoje | 
| Genitive | *bъrzajego | *bъrzyję | *bъrzajego | 
| Locative | *bъrzějemь | *bъrzěji | *bъrzějemь | 
| Dative | *bъrzujemu | *bъrzěji | *bъrzujemu | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzyjimi | *bъrzǫjǫ | *bъrzyjimi | 
| Vocative | *bъrzъjь | *bъrzaja | *bъrzoje | 
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
| Nominative | *bъrzaja | *bъrzěji | *bъrzěji | 
| Accusative | *bъrzaja | *bъrzěji | *bъrzěji | 
| Genitive | *bъrzuju | *bъrzuju | *bъrzuju | 
| Locative | *bъrzuju | *bъrzuju | *bъrzuju | 
| Dative | *bъrzyjima | *bъrzyjima | *bъrzyjima | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzyjima | *bъrzyjima | *bъrzyjima | 
| Vocative | *bъrzaja | *bъrzěji | *bъrzěji | 
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | 
| Nominative | *bъrziji | *bъrzyję | *bъrzaja | 
| Accusative | *bъrzyję | *bъrzyję | *bъrzaja | 
| Genitive | *bъrzъjixъ | *bъrzъjixъ | *bъrzъjixъ | 
| Locative | *bъrzyjixъ | *bъrzyjixъ | *bъrzyjixъ | 
| Dative | *bъrzyjimъ | *bъrzyjimъ | *bъrzyjimъ | 
| Instrumental | *bъrzyjimi | *bъrzyjimi | *bъrzyjimi | 
| Vocative | *bъrziji | *bъrzyję | *bъrzaja | 
Derived terms
    
- *bъrzьnъ (“quick”)
- *bъrzina, *bъrzostь, *bъrzota (“fastness, swiftness”)
- *bъrzati (“to hurry”)
- *bъrzěti (“to be in a hurry”)
- *bъrzějь (“fast stream”)
 
- *bъrziti (“to accelerate”)
- *bъrzačь, *bъrzьcь (“fast one, speedster”)
- *bъrzica, *bъrzdica (“fast stream, brook”)
Descendants
    
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
    
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “борзо́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bъrzъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 137
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “бърз”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 102
References
    
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bъ̑rzъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 70: “adj. o (c) ‘fast’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “bъrzъ bъrza bъrzo”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c hurtig (PR 138)”
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