< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dolga
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Uncertain. Likely akin to Lithuanian dalgùs/dilgùs (“prickly”), dal̃gis (“scythe”), Latvian dalgs (“scythe”), Old Prussian doalgis (“scythe”).
Per Derksen (supported by Kroonen), further origin perhaps from "Northern" Proto-Indo-European *delgʰ- (“to carve, to shape”), whence also Proto-Germanic *talgijaną (“to carve”). Alternative proposals suggest:
- Mikkola, Pedersen: Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelg- ~ *dʰalg- (“pricking tool”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *dalkaz (“pin, dagger”), Latin falx (“sickle”).
- Berneker, Machek, Freankel: Effectively from Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁- (“to split, to cleave”) + *-ga, akin to Old Irish dlongaid (“to split”) (via another extension).
Alternative forms
- *dolgъ m
Declension
Declension of *dolga (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dolga | *doldzě | *dolgy |
| Accusative | *dolgǫ | *doldzě | *dolgy |
| Genitive | *dolgy | *dolgu | *dolgъ |
| Locative | *doldzě | *dolgu | *dolgasъ, *dolgaxъ* |
| Dative | *doldzě | *dolgama | *dolgamъ |
| Instrumental | *dolgojǫ, *dolgǫ** | *dolgama | *dolgami |
| Vocative | *dolgo | *doldzě | *dolgy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *dolžьka, *dolžica (diminutive)
Descendants
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dolga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 61
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “длага”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 399
- “dalgis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.