Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъnędzь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *kъnęgъ. By consensus ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. A minority position instead takes the word as native Proto-Slavic *kun-ingo- (“protruding, prominent”) (*kъnъ +‎ *-ędzь) and borrowed into Proto-Germanic.

Noun

*kъ̏nędzь m[1][2]

prince

Declension

Declension of *kъ̏nędzь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*kъ̏nędzь	*kъ̏nędza	*kъ̏nędzi
Accusative	*kъ̏nędzь	*kъ̏nędza	*kъ̏nędzę̇
Genitive	*kъ̏nędza	*kъnędzù	*kъnę̃dzь
Locative	*kъ̏nędzi	*kъnędzù	*kъnędzĩxъ
Dative	*kъ̏nędzu	*kъnędzemà	*kъnędzèmъ
Instrumental	kъ̏nędzьmь, kъ̏nędzemь^*	*kъnędzemà	*kъnędzí
Vocative	*kъnęže	*kъ̏nędza	*kъ̏nędzi

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*kъnęgyni
*kъnęžę
*kъnęžiti
*kъnęžiťь
*kъnęžь
*kъnęžьna

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кънѧзь (kŭnęzĭ), кнѧзь (knęzĭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: кнѧзь (knjazʹ)
    - Belarusian: князь (knjazʹ)
    - Ukrainian: князь (knjazʹ)
  - Russian: князь (knjazʹ)
    - → Azerbaijani: knyaz
    - → Kazakh: кінәз (kınäz)
    - → Turkmen: knýaz
    - → Polish: kniaź
    - → Yakut: кинээс (kinees)
- Old Novgorodian: кънѧꙁь (kŭnęzĭ), кнѧꙁь (knęzĭ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: кънѧѕь (kŭnędzĭ), кънѧзь (kŭnęzĭ), кнѧзь (knęzĭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰽⱏⱀⱔⰸⱐ (kŭnęzĭ)
  - → Romanian: cneaz
- Bulgarian: княз (knjaz), кнез (knez)
- Macedonian: кнез (knez)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: кне̑з
  
  Latin script: knȇz
- Slovene: knẹ̑z (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kněz
  - Czech: kněz (“priest”), kníže (“prince, duke”)
- Kashubian: ksądz, ksydz, knądz
- Polabian: ťėnąʒ
- Old Polish: ksiądz
  - Polish: ksiądz, kśǫc, kš́u̇nc
    - → Belarusian: ксёндз (ksjondz)
    - → Russian: ксёндз (ksjondz)
    - → Ukrainian: ксьондз (ksʹondz)
  - Polish: książę (“prince”), księżna (“princess”)
- Silesian: ksiōndz
- Slovak: kňaz (“priest”), knieža (“duke”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: knjez
  - Lower Sorbian: kněz

Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: kenéz
  - → Romanian: chinez

References

Olander, Thomas (2001), “kъnęʒь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 158, 171, 174; PR 137)”
Snoj, Marko (2016), “knẹ̑z”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kъ̏nęgъ”

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[1] Olander, Thomas (2001), “kъnęʒь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 158, 171, 174; PR 137)”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016), “knẹ̑z”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kъ̏nęgъ”