< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/oje
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ajas, from Proto-Indo-European *Hóyh₁os (“pole, tiller”) (given as *h₂éyh₁os[1] by Snoj), perhaps ultimately from *h₂ey- (“to push, to force”) or *h₃ey- (“to steer”) (classical reconstructions just give *ei-/*oi- “post, bar”). Cognate with Proto-Finnic *aisa (“pole”) (of Indo-European origin, possibly Balto-Slavic), Ancient Greek οἰήϊον (oiḗïon, “handle of rudder”), Hittite 𒄭𒅖𒊭𒀭 (ḫišša-, “carriage pole”), Sanskrit ईषा (īṣā, “plank, pole”), Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀 (aēša, “plough”). Further akin via other suffixes to Lithuanian íena (“thill”), Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”), Ancient Greek οἴᾱξ (oíāx, “helm”).
Alterantive forms
- *ojь m, *oja f (reanalyzed as masc. or fem. nouns at later times)
Declension
Originally:
Declension of *ȍje (s-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
| Accusative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
| Genitive | *ȍjese | *ojesù | *ojèsъ |
| Locative | *ȍjese | *ojesù | *ojèsьxъ |
| Dative | *ȍjesi | *ojesьmà | *ojèsьmъ |
| Instrumental | *ȍjesьmь | *ojesьmà | *ojesý |
| Vocative | *ȍje | *ȍjesi | *ojesà |
Reanalyzed among some descendants as:
Declension of *ȍje (soft o-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
| Accusative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
| Genitive | *ȍja | *ojù | *òjь |
| Locative | *ȍji | *ojù | *ojíxъ |
| Dative | *ȍju | *ojemà | *ojémъ |
| Instrumental | *ȍjьmь, *ȍjemь* | *ojemà | *ojí |
| Vocative | *ȍje | *ȍji | *ojà |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *ojьce, *ojica (diminutive)
- *ojišče (augmentative)
- *ojesьnъ, *ojьnъ (referencial adjectives)
- *ojesьnica, *ojьnica (“handlebar”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- ⇒ Romanian: oiște (“shaft, beam, pole of carriage”)
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “oje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ȍje, rod. *ȍjese”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “oje”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 152)”
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*oje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 35
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “воё”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “війя”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 397
- Georgiev V. I., Duridanov I., editor (1995), “оище”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 822
- “iena”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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