< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/osmъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśmas, from Proto-Indo-European oḱ(tṓwos) (rendered as *h₃eḱth̥₃-wos in Derksen 2008) + a suffix *-mos extracted from *septmós (“seventh”).[1] Compare Sanskrit अष्टम (aṣṭama, “eighth”), Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (astəma, “eighth”), where the same process operated. Cognate with obsolete Lithuanian ãšmas (“eighth”), Old Prussian asmus (“eighth”) and partly with Latin octāvus (“eighth”) and Ancient Greek ὄγδοος (ógdoos, “eighth”).
Adjective
| 80 | ||
| ← 7 | 8 | 9 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: *osmь Ordinal: *osmъ Adverbial: *osmь kortь Multiplier: *osmerъnъ, *osmь kortьnъ Collective: *osmero Fractional: *osmina | ||
*òsmъ[2]
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *osmъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *osmъ | *osma | *osmo |
| Accusative | *osmъ | *osmǫ | *osmo |
| Genitive | *osma | *osmy | *osma |
| Locative | *osmě | *osmě | *osmě |
| Dative | *osmu | *osmě | *osmu |
| Instrumental | *osmomь | *osmojǫ | *osmomь |
| Vocative | *osme | *osmo | *osmo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *osma | *osmě | *osmě |
| Accusative | *osma | *osmě | *osmě |
| Genitive | *osmu | *osmu | *osmu |
| Locative | *osmu | *osmu | *osmu |
| Dative | *osmoma | *osmama | *osmoma |
| Instrumental | *osmoma | *osmama | *osmoma |
| Vocative | *osma | *osmě | *osmě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *osmi | *osmy | *osma |
| Accusative | *osmy | *osmy | *osma |
| Genitive | *osmъ | *osmъ | *osmъ |
| Locative | *osměxъ | *osmaxъ | *osměxъ |
| Dative | *osmomъ | *osmamъ | *osmomъ |
| Instrumental | *osmy | *osmami | *osmy |
| Vocative | *osmi | *osmy | *osma |
Definite declension of *osmъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *osmъjь | *osmaja | *osmoje |
| Accusative | *osmъjь | *osmǫjǫ | *osmoje |
| Genitive | *osmajego | *osmyję | *osmajego |
| Locative | *osmějemь | *osměji | *osmějemь |
| Dative | *osmujemu | *osměji | *osmujemu |
| Instrumental | *osmyjimi | *osmǫjǫ | *osmyjimi |
| Vocative | *osmъjь | *osmaja | *osmoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *osmaja | *osměji | *osměji |
| Accusative | *osmaja | *osměji | *osměji |
| Genitive | *osmuju | *osmuju | *osmuju |
| Locative | *osmuju | *osmuju | *osmuju |
| Dative | *osmyjima | *osmyjima | *osmyjima |
| Instrumental | *osmyjima | *osmyjima | *osmyjima |
| Vocative | *osmaja | *osměji | *osměji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *osmiji | *osmyję | *osmaja |
| Accusative | *osmyję | *osmyję | *osmaja |
| Genitive | *osmъjixъ | *osmъjixъ | *osmъjixъ |
| Locative | *osmyjixъ | *osmyjixъ | *osmyjixъ |
| Dative | *osmyjimъ | *osmyjimъ | *osmyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *osmyjimi | *osmyjimi | *osmyjimi |
| Vocative | *osmiji | *osmyję | *osmaja |
Derived terms
- *osmь (“eight”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “восьмо́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, et al., editors (1974–2021), “*osmъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 36
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*osmъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378: “The suffix *-mo-, cf. Skt. aṣṭamá-, must have been adopted from ‘seventh’.”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*osmъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378: “num. o (b) ‘eighth’”
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