< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (“to chop, to separate”). Compare Proto-Slavic *polъka, *polica (“shelf, file”).

Noun

*pólъ m[1][2][3]

  1. side, flank
    *na *onomь *polu ― on [the] yonder side
  2. half
    *orzděľati *polъma ― to divide in two
  3. member of a pair of options → gender, sex
Inflection
Declension of *polъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *polъ *pòla *pòli
Accusative *polъ *pòla *pòly
Genitive *pòla *pòlu *pòlъ
Locative *pòlě *pòlu *pòlě̄xъ
Dative *pòlu *pòloma *pòlomъ
Instrumental *pòlъmь, *pòlomь* *pòloma *pòlȳ
Vocative *pòle *pòla *pòli
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Secondarily:

Declension of *polъ (u-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *polъ *poly *polove
Accusative *polъ *poly *poly
Genitive *polu *polovu *polovъ
Locative *polu *polovu *polъxъ
Dative *polovi *polъma *polъmъ
Instrumental *polъmь *polъma *polъmi
Vocative *polu *poly *polove
Derived terms
  • *pola (“moiety”)
  • *polovъ (“halved”)
    • *poloviti (“to behalf”)
    • *polova, *polovina (“half”) (quantity)
  • *polъ-, *polu- (“half-, semi-, mid-”)
    • *polъtora (“one and a half”)
    • *poludьnь, *poldьnь (“midday”)
    • *polъnoťь, *polunoťь (“midnight”)
    • *polugodьje, *polъročьje (“half-year”)
  • *polěno
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      • Old Cyrillic: полъ (polŭ)
      • Glagolitic: ⱂⱁⰾⱏ (polŭ)
    • Bulgarian: пол (pol)
    • Macedonian: пол (pol)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Slovene: ро̑l
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: pól
      • Czech: půl
        • Bohemian (Chod dialect): půl
        • Moravian (Mistřice): pů
    • Polish: pół
    • Slovak: роl
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: роɫ
      • Lower Sorbian: рóɫ
Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pol¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412: “m. o ‘half ’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “1polъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c køn, halvdel (PR 137)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “pol”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pȍlъ”

Etymology 2

Either identical with Etymology 1 or from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, to span, to fold”), *pleh₂- (“to flatten”).

Noun

*pólъ m[1][2]

  1. expanse, extent, plane
  2. (by specialization) floor
    Synonym: *podъ
Inflection
Declension of *pȍlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍli
Accusative *pȍlъ *pȍla *pȍly
Genitive *pȍla *polù *pòlъ
Locative *pȍlě *polù *polě̃xъ
Dative *pȍlu *polomà *polòmъ
Instrumental *pȍlъmь, *pȍlomь* *polomà *polý
Vocative *pole *pȍla *pȍli
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
  • *polovica (“stretch, strip”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: поли́ pl (polí, “fells, slopes (of mountain)”)
Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pol²”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412: “m. o”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “2polъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c belægning (PR 137)”
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