< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pris(ь)nъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Stang, Miklosich, Mladenov and Ilyinsky suggested derivation from *pri- + *jistьnъ, as in *jistъ. Reconstruction as *pri-stъ, and derivation from *pri- + *-stъ is rejected by Sobolevsky.
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *pris(ь)nъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *prisnъ | *prisna | *prisno |
| Accusative | *prisnъ | *prisnǫ | *prisno |
| Genitive | *prisna | *prisny | *prisna |
| Locative | *prisně | *prisně | *prisně |
| Dative | *prisnu | *prisně | *prisnu |
| Instrumental | *prisnomь | *prisnojǫ | *prisnomь |
| Vocative | *prisne | *prisno | *prisno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| Accusative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| Genitive | *prisnu | *prisnu | *prisnu |
| Locative | *prisnu | *prisnu | *prisnu |
| Dative | *prisnoma | *prisnama | *prisnoma |
| Instrumental | *prisnoma | *prisnama | *prisnoma |
| Vocative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *prisni | *prisny | *prisna |
| Accusative | *prisny | *prisny | *prisna |
| Genitive | *prisnъ | *prisnъ | *prisnъ |
| Locative | *prisněxъ | *prisnaxъ | *prisněxъ |
| Dative | *prisnomъ | *prisnamъ | *prisnomъ |
| Instrumental | *prisny | *prisnami | *prisny |
| Vocative | *prisni | *prisny | *prisna |
Definite declension of *pris(ь)nъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *prisnъjь | *prisnaja | *prisnoje |
| Accusative | *prisnъjь | *prisnǫjǫ | *prisnoje |
| Genitive | *prisnajego | *prisnyję | *prisnajego |
| Locative | *prisnějemь | *prisněji | *prisnějemь |
| Dative | *prisnujemu | *prisněji | *prisnujemu |
| Instrumental | *prisnyjimi | *prisnǫjǫ | *prisnyjimi |
| Vocative | *prisnъjь | *prisnaja | *prisnoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| Accusative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| Genitive | *prisnuju | *prisnuju | *prisnuju |
| Locative | *prisnuju | *prisnuju | *prisnuju |
| Dative | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima |
| Instrumental | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima |
| Vocative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *prisniji | *prisnyję | *prisnaja |
| Accusative | *prisnyję | *prisnyję | *prisnaja |
| Genitive | *prisnъjixъ | *prisnъjixъ | *prisnъjixъ |
| Locative | *prisnyjixъ | *prisnyjixъ | *prisnyjixъ |
| Dative | *prisnyjimъ | *prisnyjimъ | *prisnyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *prisnyjimi | *prisnyjimi | *prisnyjimi |
| Vocative | *prisniji | *prisnyję | *prisnaja |
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: присьнъ (prisĭnŭ)
- Old Ruthenian: присный, прысны
- Ukrainian: прісни́й (prisnýj)
- Russian: при́сный (prísnyj, “true, eternal; close”) (obsolete)
- Old Ruthenian: присный, прысны
- Old East Slavic: присьнъ (prisĭnŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: приснъ (prisnŭ)
- Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰻⱄⱀⱏ (prisnŭ)
- Macedonian: присен (prisen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: при̑снӣ
- Latin script: prȋsnī
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: přísný (“strict”)
- Slovak: prísný (“strict”)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “при́сный”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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