Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫdъ

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sámdas, from Proto-Indo-European *som-dʰh₁-os, from *som- + *dʰeh₁- + *-os. Cognate with Lithuanian samdà (“rent”), Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhí, “connection, treaty, peace”). See *sǫdì (“judge”).

*sǫ̃dъ m[1]

1. court of law
2. trial
3. verdict, judgment

• *sǫdì (“judge”)
• *sǭdìti (“to judge”)
• *sǫdi(li)šče (“court”)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ), судъ (sudŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: судъ (sud)
      • Belarusian: суд (sud)
      • Ukrainian: суд (sud)
    • Russian: суд (sud) (see there for further descendants)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱄⱘⰴⱏ (sǫdŭ)

  • Bulgarian: съд (sǎd), сънт (sǎnt) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: суд (sud)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: су̑д

    Latin: sȗd

    • Chakavian (Vrgada): sũd
    • Chakavian (Orbanići): sũt
  • Slovene: sọ́d (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: súd
    • Czech: soud
  • Polish: sąd
  • Slovak: súd
  • Slovincian: sȯ́ų̯d
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: sud
    • Lower Sorbian: sud

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Lithuanian: sũdas

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “суд”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “суд”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa