< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъměti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *sъ- (“good”) +‎ *mě̀ti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐍉𐌸𐍃 (mōþs, “courage, wrath”) (gen. 𐌼𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 (mōdis)), Old High German muot (“mind, courage, wrath”), German Mut (“courage, mood”), English mood.

  • Vasmer adds as cognates Ancient Greek μῶμαι (mômai, “to seek, to aspire”), μαίομαι (maíomai, “to seek, to aspire”), μῆνις (mênis, “anger”), Latin mōs (“custom”).
  • Trubachev further suggests Lithuanian sumdyti (“to move”) (1sg. sùmdau), Welsh chwyfio (“to move”), Old Irish do·seinn (“to hunt”), with semantic development "to seek" > "to desire to achieve" > "to dare".

Verb

*sъmě̀ti impf[1][2][3]

  1. to dare

Inflection
Conjugation of *sъměti, *sъmě, *sъmějetь (impf., intr., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
— *sъměti *sъmětъ *sъmělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *sъměvъ *sъměję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *sъměxъ*sъmě*sъmě *sъmějǫ*sъměješi*sъmějetь
Dual *sъměxově*sъměsta*sъměste *sъmějevě*sъmějeta*sъmějete
Plural *sъměxomъ*sъměste*sъměšę *sъmějemъ*sъmějete*sъmějǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *sъměaxъ*sъměaše*sъměaše —*sъměji*sъměji
Dual *sъměaxově*sъměašeta*sъměašete *sъmějivě*sъmějita—
Plural *sъměaxomъ*sъměašete*sъměaxǫ *sъmějimъ*sъmějite—

Derived terms

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: съмѣти (sŭměti)
      • Belarusian: смець (smjecʹ)
      • Russian: сметь (smetʹ)
      • Ukrainian: смі́ти (smíty)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: směti
      • Czech: smět, smíti (obsolete)
    • Old Polish: śmieć
    • Slovak: smieť
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: směć
      • Lower Sorbian: směś

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sъmě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 480: “v. (a) ‘dare’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “sъměti: sъmějǫ sъmějetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a turde; måtte (SA 204; PR 134; MP 27)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “smẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*sъmě̋ti, sed. *sъmě̋jǫ”
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