< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soxa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śokˀāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱokh₂-.

Cognates within Baltic include Latvian sakas pl (“collar”), čaka (“stick”), Lithuanian šakà[1], šãkė (“branch”). Further related to Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, “plough”), Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch”). The Slavic *-x- is typically explained as result of fricatization of PIE *-kh₂-. Compare however Russian осо́ка (osóka, “sedge”), possibly from the same root.

Additionally reminiscent of Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“stone, knife”), Latin saxum (“stone”) from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) (whence Proto-Slavic *sěčivo (“edge tool”)).

Noun

soxà f[2][3][4]

  1. forked stick
  2. wooden plow

Declension
Declension of *soxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *soxà *sȍśě *sȍxy
Accusative *sȍxǫ *sȍśě *sȍxy
Genitive *soxý *soxù *sòxъ
Locative *sȍśě *soxù *soxàsъ, *soxàxъ*
Dative *sośě̀ *soxàma *soxàmъ
Instrumental *soxojǫ́ *soxàma *soxàmi
Vocative *soxo *sȍśě *sȍxy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms
  • *orzsoxa (“fork”)
  • *posoxъ, *posoxa (“staff”)
  • *sošьka (“baluster”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: соха (soxa)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015), “šaka”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 439
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*soxà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001), “soxa soxy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c forked branch; wooden plow (NA 88, 141; SA 24; PR 138)”
  4. Snoj, Marko (2016), “soha”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *soxa̋”
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