Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stǫpenь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From the same root as *stǫpiti (“to step, tread”). Sorbian forms might instead be derived from Proto-Slavic *stǫpьnь and therefore be cognate to dialectal Russian сту́пень (stúpenʹ, “type of footwear”).

Noun

*stǫpenь m or f

rung, stair, step
Synonym: *ščeblь

Inflection

Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*stǫpenь	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьje, stǫpeňe^*
Accusative	*stǫpenь	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni
Genitive	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьju, stǫpeňu^*	stǫpenьjь, stǫpeni^*
Locative	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьju, stǫpeňu^*	*stǫpenьxъ
Dative	*stǫpeni	*stǫpenьma	*stǫpenьmъ
Instrumental	*stǫpenьmь	*stǫpenьma	*stǫpenьmi
Vocative	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьje, stǫpeňe^*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*stǫpenь	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni
Accusative	*stǫpenь	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni
Genitive	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьju, stǫpeňu^*	stǫpenьjь, stǫpeni^*
Locative	*stǫpeni	stǫpenьju, stǫpeňu^*	*stǫpenьxъ
Dative	*stǫpeni	*stǫpenьma	*stǫpenьmъ
Instrumental	stǫpenьjǫ, stǫpeňǫ^*	*stǫpenьma	*stǫpenьmi
Vocative	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni	*stǫpeni

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

noun

*stepenь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ступе́нь (stupjénʹ)
- Russian: ступе́нь (stupénʹ)
- Ukrainian: сту́пінь (stúpinʹ)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: стъ́пен (stǎ́pen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: сту̑пањ
  
  Latin: stȗpanj
- Slovene: stȯ́pənj (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: stupeň
- Slovak: stupeň
- Sorbian:
  Lower Sorbian: stuṕeń (“felt boot”)
  
  Upper Sorbian: stupjeń (“felt boot”)