< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъlpa
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Perhaps a Turkic borrowing, from the root *tōl- (“to be full”). Compare Old Turkic [script needed] (tolp, “group; whole”), Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (tolp, “group”), Kazakh and Kyrgyz топ (top, “group”), etc.
Declension
Declension of *tъlpa (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *tъlpa | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
| Accusative | *tъlpǫ | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
| Genitive | *tъlpy | *tъlpu | *tъlpъ |
| Locative | *tъlpě | *tъlpu | *tъlpasъ, *tъlpaxъ* |
| Dative | *tъlpě | *tъlpama | *tъlpamъ |
| Instrumental | *tъlpojǫ, *tъlpǫ** | *tъlpama | *tъlpami |
| Vocative | *tъlpo | *tъlpě | *tъlpy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “толпа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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