< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrpъkъ
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *terp- (“to tremble, to quiver”) + *-ъkъ, cognate with Lithuanian tirpùs (“soluble, fusible”). Martynov tentively considers a reanalysis of an earlier *kьrpъkъ in order to match it with Lithuanian kir̃pti (“to trim, to cut”).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *tьrpъkъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *tьrpъkъ | *tьrpъka | *tьrpъko |
| Accusative | *tьrpъkъ | *tьrpъkǫ | *tьrpъko |
| Genitive | *tьrpъka | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъka |
| Locative | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъkě |
| Dative | *tьrpъku | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъku |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъkomь | *tьrpъkojǫ | *tьrpъkomь |
| Vocative | *tьrpъke | *tьrpъko | *tьrpъko |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *tьrpъka | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъkě |
| Accusative | *tьrpъka | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъkě |
| Genitive | *tьrpъku | *tьrpъku | *tьrpъku |
| Locative | *tьrpъku | *tьrpъku | *tьrpъku |
| Dative | *tьrpъkoma | *tьrpъkama | *tьrpъkoma |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъkoma | *tьrpъkama | *tьrpъkoma |
| Vocative | *tьrpъka | *tьrpъkě | *tьrpъkě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *tьrpъki | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъka |
| Accusative | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъka |
| Genitive | *tьrpъkъ | *tьrpъkъ | *tьrpъkъ |
| Locative | *tьrpъkěxъ | *tьrpъkaxъ | *tьrpъkěxъ |
| Dative | *tьrpъkomъ | *tьrpъkamъ | *tьrpъkomъ |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъkami | *tьrpъky |
| Vocative | *tьrpъki | *tьrpъky | *tьrpъka |
Definite declension of *tьrpъkъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *tьrpъkъjь | *tьrpъkaja | *tьrpъkoje |
| Accusative | *tьrpъkъjь | *tьrpъkǫjǫ | *tьrpъkoje |
| Genitive | *tьrpъkajego | *tьrpъkyję | *tьrpъkajego |
| Locative | *tьrpъkějemь | *tьrpъkěji | *tьrpъkějemь |
| Dative | *tьrpъkujemu | *tьrpъkěji | *tьrpъkujemu |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъkyjimi | *tьrpъkǫjǫ | *tьrpъkyjimi |
| Vocative | *tьrpъkъjь | *tьrpъkaja | *tьrpъkoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *tьrpъkaja | *tьrpъkěji | *tьrpъkěji |
| Accusative | *tьrpъkaja | *tьrpъkěji | *tьrpъkěji |
| Genitive | *tьrpъkuju | *tьrpъkuju | *tьrpъkuju |
| Locative | *tьrpъkuju | *tьrpъkuju | *tьrpъkuju |
| Dative | *tьrpъkyjima | *tьrpъkyjima | *tьrpъkyjima |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъkyjima | *tьrpъkyjima | *tьrpъkyjima |
| Vocative | *tьrpъkaja | *tьrpъkěji | *tьrpъkěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *tьrpъkiji | *tьrpъkyję | *tьrpъkaja |
| Accusative | *tьrpъkyję | *tьrpъkyję | *tьrpъkaja |
| Genitive | *tьrpъkъjixъ | *tьrpъkъjixъ | *tьrpъkъjixъ |
| Locative | *tьrpъkyjixъ | *tьrpъkyjixъ | *tьrpъkyjixъ |
| Dative | *tьrpъkyjimъ | *tьrpъkyjimъ | *tьrpъkyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *tьrpъkyjimi | *tьrpъkyjimi | *tьrpъkyjimi |
| Vocative | *tьrpъkiji | *tьrpъkyję | *tьrpъkaja |
Derived terms
- *tьrpъkostь (“tanginess”)
- *tьrpъčivъ, *tьrpъkavъ (“pungent”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “те́рпкий”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- “kirpti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “trpek”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tь̑rpъkъ”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.