Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ạ̄gu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *gū (“poison”), compare Nanai гу (gu, “poison”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*ạ̄gu

(Common Turkic) poison
(Common Turkic) musk

Declension

Declension of *ạ̄gu (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural²⁾
nominative	*ạ̄gu	*ạ̄gular
accusative
genitive	*ạ̄gunïŋ	*ạ̄gularnïŋ
dative	*ạ̄guka	*ạ̄gularka
locative	*ạ̄guda	*ạ̄gularda
ablative	*ạ̄gudan	*ạ̄gulardan
instrumental¹⁾		*ạ̄gularïn
equative¹⁾	*ạ̄guča	*ạ̄gularča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: ağı
  - Ottoman Turkish: اغو‎ (ağu)
    - Turkish: ağı
- Salar: ağu
- Turkmen: āwy
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (ağı)
  - Chagatai:
    - Uzbek: [script needed] (ɔɣu)
    - Uyghur: ئوغا‎ (ogha), (obsolete) ئاغۇ‎ (aghu)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ағыу (ağıw)
  - Tatar: агу (ağu)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: [script needed] (aɣu)
  - Karachay-Balkar: уу (uu)
  - Karaim: [script needed] (aɣu)
  - ⇒ Kumyk: агъувлу (ağuwlu)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: [script needed] (ağu) (dialect), Kazakh: у (u)
    - Nogai: [script needed] (ağuw)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: уу (uu)
    - Southern Altai: оо (oo)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (ağu)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ağu)
    - Western Yugur: ağa
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: ыы (ıı)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tofa: аа
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: оо (oo)

References

Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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