< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/koč

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Cognate to Proto-Mongolic *kuča (“ram”), itself probably a Turkic borrowing.

Noun

*koč

  1. ram

Declension
Declension of *koč
Singular 3)
Nominative *koč
Accusative *kočnu, *kočnug 1)
Genitive *kočnuŋ
Dative *kočka
Locative *kočda
Ablative *kočdan
Instrumental 2) *kočun
Equative 2) *kočča
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

Many descendants contain the elements *-kar or *-uŋar.

  • Common Turkic:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qočŋar)
  • Karluk:
    • Eastern Zone:
      • Chagatai: قوچقار‎ (qoćqar)
        • Uyghur: قوچقار‎ (qochqar)
    • Western Zone:
      • Uzbek: qoʻchqar/қўчкар (qoʻchkar)
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak-Bulgar:
      • Tatar: кучкар (quçkar)
      • Bashkir: ҡусҡар (qusqar)
    • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Kipchak-Nogai:
      • Kazakh: қошқар (qoşqar)
      • Karakalpak: qoshqar, gʻosh
      • Nogai: кошкар (koşkar)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Eastern Zone:
      • Turkmen: goç, goçgar
    • Salar:
      • Salar: [script needed] (qośqor), [script needed] (qośqur)
    • Western Zone:
      • Ottoman Turkish: قوچ‎ (qoç), قوچقار‎ (qoçqar)
        • Turkish: koç, koçkar
      • Azerbaijani: qoç
      • Gagauz: koç
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (qočqar), [script needed] (qočuŋar)
  • Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: қоъшқар (qöšqar) (archaic)
      • Tuvan: кошкар (koşkar)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Western Yugur: qošğar, qošqar
      • Shor: қошқар (qošqar)

Unsorted

  • → Hungarian: kos (“ram”)
  • → Kott: koaskir (“ram”)[1]

References
  1. Bayarma Khabtagaeva (2019). Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The Languages of Asia Series; 19), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages: 71‒72
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