< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yāŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yāŕ

  1. summer, spring

Declension
Declension of *yāŕ
Singular 3)
Nominative *yāŕ
Accusative *yāŕnï, *yāŕnïg 1)
Genitive *yāŕnïŋ
Dative *yāŕka
Locative *yāŕta
Ablative *yāŕtan
Instrumental 2) *yāŕïn
Equative 2) *yāŕča
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ҫур (śur)
    • →? Hungarian: nyár
  • Common Turkic: *yāz
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: یاز‎
    • Salar: [script needed] (jaz)
    • Turkmen: ýaz
  • Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
    • East Kipchak:
  • Karluk:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic:
      • Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰔‎ (y¹z)
      • Old Uyghur: y՚y (yay)
    • North Siberian:
      • Dolgan: [script needed] (hās)
      • Yakut: саас (saas)
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tofa: [script needed] (čaš)
        • Tuvan: час (ças)
      • Yenisei Turkic:

See also
Seasons in Proto-Turkic (layout · text) · category
*yāŕ (“spring”)
*yāy (“spring”)		 *yāŕ (“summer”)
*yāy (“summer”)		 *kǖŕ  (“autumn”) *kïĺ (“winter”)

Further reading

Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jāŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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