< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-jan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *-janą.

Suffix

*-jan

  1. Creates denominative verbs from nouns.
  2. Creates factitive verbs from adjectives.
Inflection
Class 1 weak j-present
Infinitive *-jan
1st sg. past *-tā
Infinitive *-jan
Genitive infin. *-jannjas
Dative infin. *-jannjē
Instrum. infin. *-jannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *-ju *-tā
2nd singular *-isi *-tēs, *-tōs
3rd singular *-iþi *-tē, *-tā
1st plural *-jum *-tum
2nd plural *-iþ *-tud
3rd plural *-janþ *-tun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *-jē *-tī
2nd singular *-jēs *-tī
3rd singular *-jē *-tī
1st plural *-jēm *-tīm
2nd plural *-jēþ *-tīd
3rd plural *-jēn *-tīn
Imperative Present
Singular *-i
Plural *-iþ
Present Past
Participle *-jandī *-t
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-West_Germanic_words_suffixed_with_*-jan_(denominative)' title='Category:Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (denominative)'>Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (denominative)</a>
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-West_Germanic_words_suffixed_with_*-jan_(factitive)' title='Category:Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (factitive)'>Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (factitive)</a>
Descendants
  • Old English: -an (merged with strong verb ending), -ian (after r).
  • Old Frisian: -a (merged with strong verb ending), -ia (after r)
  • Old Saxon: -ian
    • Middle Low German: -en (merged with all other verbs)
      • German Low German: -en
  • Old Dutch: -en, -ien (after r)
    • Middle Dutch: -en (merged with all other verbs)
  • Old High German: -en, -ien (after r)
    • Middle High German: -en (merged with all other verbs)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *-janą.

Suffix

*-jan

  1. Creates stative verbs from other verbs.
Inflection
Class 1 weak j-present
Infinitive *-jan
1st sg. past *-tā
Infinitive *-jan
Genitive infin. *-jannjas
Dative infin. *-jannjē
Instrum. infin. *-jannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *-ju *-tā
2nd singular *-isi *-tēs, *-tōs
3rd singular *-iþi *-tē, *-tā
1st plural *-jum *-tum
2nd plural *-iþ *-tud
3rd plural *-janþ *-tun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *-jē *-tī
2nd singular *-jēs *-tī
3rd singular *-jē *-tī
1st plural *-jēm *-tīm
2nd plural *-jēþ *-tīd
3rd plural *-jēn *-tīn
Imperative Present
Singular *-i
Plural *-iþ
Present Past
Participle *-jandī *-t
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-West_Germanic_words_suffixed_with_*-jan_(stative)' title='Category:Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (stative)'>Proto-West Germanic words suffixed with *-jan (stative)</a>
Descendants
  • Old High German: -ēn
    • Middle High German: -en (merged with all other verbs)
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