Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ard

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ardiz (“nature, character, inborn quality”)[1]

Noun

*ard m[2]

native place
Synonym: *ōþil

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*ard
Genitive	*ardas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*ard	ardō, ardōs
Accusative	*ard	*ardā
Genitive	*ardas	*ardō
Dative	*ardē	*ardum
Instrumental	*ardu	*ardum

Derived terms

*ardōn

Descendants

Old English: eard
Old Saxon: ard
Old High German: art

References

van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “aard1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 181: “PWGmc *ard”

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[1] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “aard1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[2] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 181: “PWGmc *ard”