Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tangu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *tangō, from Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”).

Noun

*tangu f

tongs
pliers

Inflection

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*tangu
Genitive	*tangā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*tangu	*tangō
Accusative	*tangā	*tangā
Genitive	*tangā	*tangō
Dative	*tangē	tangōm, tangum
Instrumental	*tangu	tangōm, tangum

Descendants

Old English: tang, tange
- Middle English: tonge, tang, tange, tongge, toonge, tounge
  - English: tong (tongs); tang
  - Scots: tang, taing
Old Frisian: tange, tonge
- Saterland Frisian: Tonge
- West Frisian: tange
Old Saxon: tanga
- Middle Low German: tange
  - Low German: Tang
  - Plautdietsch: Tang
Old Dutch: *tanga
- Middle Dutch: tanghe
  - Dutch: tang
    - Afrikaans: tang
  - Limburgish: tang
Old High German: zanga
- Middle High German: zange
  - Bavarian: Zanga
  - Central Franconian: Zang, Zaang
    Hunsrik: Zang
  - German: Zange
  - Luxembourgish: Zaang
  - Rhine Franconian: Zang
    Palatine German: Zang
    
    Pennsylvania German: Zang
  - Vilamovian: cang
  - ⇒ Middle High German: hebzange
    - → Polish: obcęgi

References

Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*tanʒō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 401
Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*tangō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 509

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