betha

Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-béeta.

Verb

betha

  1. to strike

Old Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbʲeθa/

Noun

betha

  1. inflection of bith:
    1. genitive singular/dual
    2. nominative plural

Verb

·betha

  1. second-person singular past subjunctive of at·tá

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
betha betha
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/		 mbetha
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-béeta.

Verb

-bétha

  1. to hit, to strike

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-béeta.

Verb

-bétha

  1. to hit, to strike
  2. to play (a musical instrument)

Inflection
Tone H
Infinitive ukubetha
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukubetha ukungabethi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular betha -bethe
Plural bethani -betheni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyabetha, ngibetha engibethayo, engibetha ngibetha angibethi engingabethi ngingabethi
2nd singular uyabetha, ubetha obethayo, obetha ubetha awubethi ongabethi ungabethi
1st plural siyabetha, sibetha esibethayo, esibetha sibetha asibethi esingabethi singabethi
2nd plural niyabetha, nibetha enibethayo, enibetha nibetha anibethi eningabethi ningabethi
Class 1 uyabetha, ubetha obethayo, obetha ebetha akabethi ongabethi engabethi
Class 2 bayabetha, babetha ababethayo, ababetha bebetha ababethi abangabethi bengabethi
Class 3 uyabetha, ubetha obethayo, obetha ubetha awubethi ongabethi ungabethi
Class 4 iyabetha, ibetha ebethayo, ebetha ibetha ayibethi engabethi ingabethi
Class 5 liyabetha, libetha elibethayo, elibetha libetha alibethi elingabethi lingabethi
Class 6 ayabetha, abetha abethayo, abetha ebetha awabethi angabethi engabethi
Class 7 siyabetha, sibetha esibethayo, esibetha sibetha asibethi esingabethi singabethi
Class 8 ziyabetha, zibetha ezibethayo, ezibetha zibetha azibethi ezingabethi zingabethi
Class 9 iyabetha, ibetha ebethayo, ebetha ibetha ayibethi engabethi ingabethi
Class 10 ziyabetha, zibetha ezibethayo, ezibetha zibetha azibethi ezingabethi zingabethi
Class 11 luyabetha, lubetha olubethayo, olubetha lubetha alubethi olungabethi lungabethi
Class 14 buyabetha, bubetha obubethayo, obubetha bubetha abubethi obungabethi bungabethi
Class 15 kuyabetha, kubetha okubethayo, okubetha kubetha akubethi okungabethi kungabethi
Class 17 kuyabetha, kubetha okubethayo, okubetha kubetha akubethi okungabethi kungabethi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngibethile, ngibethē engibethile, engibethē ngibethile, ngibethē angibethanga engingabethanga ngingabethanga
2nd singular ubethile, ubethē obethile, obethē ubethile, ubethē awubethanga ongabethanga ungabethanga
1st plural sibethile, sibethē esibethile, esibethē sibethile, sibethē asibethanga esingabethanga singabethanga
2nd plural nibethile, nibethē enibethile, enibethē nibethile, nibethē anibethanga eningabethanga ningabethanga
Class 1 ubethile, ubethē obethile, obethē ebethile, ebethē akabethanga ongabethanga engabethanga
Class 2 babethile, babethē ababethile, ababethē bebethile, bebethē ababethanga abangabethanga bengabethanga
Class 3 ubethile, ubethē obethile, obethē ubethile, ubethē awubethanga ongabethanga ungabethanga
Class 4 ibethile, ibethē ebethile, ebethē ibethile, ibethē ayibethanga engabethanga ingabethanga
Class 5 libethile, libethē elibethile, elibethē libethile, libethē alibethanga elingabethanga lingabethanga
Class 6 abethile, abethē abethile, abethē ebethile, ebethē awabethanga angabethanga engabethanga
Class 7 sibethile, sibethē esibethile, esibethē sibethile, sibethē asibethanga esingabethanga singabethanga
Class 8 zibethile, zibethē ezibethile, ezibethē zibethile, zibethē azibethanga ezingabethanga zingabethanga
Class 9 ibethile, ibethē ebethile, ebethē ibethile, ibethē ayibethanga engabethanga ingabethanga
Class 10 zibethile, zibethē ezibethile, ezibethē zibethile, zibethē azibethanga ezingabethanga zingabethanga
Class 11 lubethile, lubethē olubethile, olubethē lubethile, lubethē alubethanga olungabethanga lungabethanga
Class 14 bubethile, bubethē obubethile, obubethē bubethile, bubethē abubethanga obungabethanga bungabethanga
Class 15 kubethile, kubethē okubethile, okubethē kubethile, kubethē akubethanga okungabethanga kungabethanga
Class 17 kubethile, kubethē okubethile, okubethē kubethile, kubethē akubethanga okungabethanga kungabethanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngābetha engābetha ngābetha angibethanga engingabethanga ngingabethanga
2nd singular wābetha owābetha wābetha awubethanga ongabethanga ungabethanga
1st plural sābetha esābetha sābetha asibethanga esingabethanga singabethanga
2nd plural nābetha enābetha nābetha anibethanga eningabethanga ningabethanga
Class 1 wābetha owābetha ābetha akabethanga ongabethanga engabethanga
Class 2 bābetha abābetha bābetha ababethanga abangabethanga bengabethanga
Class 3 wābetha owābetha wābetha awubethanga ongabethanga ungabethanga
Class 4 yābetha eyābetha yābetha ayibethanga engabethanga ingabethanga
Class 5 lābetha elābetha lābetha alibethanga elingabethanga lingabethanga
Class 6 ābetha ābetha ābetha awabethanga angabethanga engabethanga
Class 7 sābetha esābetha sābetha asibethanga esingabethanga singabethanga
Class 8 zābetha ezābetha zābetha azibethanga ezingabethanga zingabethanga
Class 9 yābetha eyābetha yābetha ayibethanga engabethanga ingabethanga
Class 10 zābetha ezābetha zābetha azibethanga ezingabethanga zingabethanga
Class 11 lwābetha olwābetha lwābetha alubethanga olungabethanga lungabethanga
Class 14 bābetha obābetha bābetha abubethanga obungabethanga bungabethanga
Class 15 kwābetha okwābetha kwābetha akubethanga okungabethanga kungabethanga
Class 17 kwābetha okwābetha kwābetha akubethanga okungabethanga kungabethanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingabetha — ngingabetha ngingebethe — ngingebethe
2nd singular ungabetha — ungabetha ungebethe — ungebethe
1st plural singabetha — singabetha singebethe — singebethe
2nd plural ningabetha — ningabetha ningebethe — ningebethe
Class 1 angabetha — engabetha angebethe — engebethe
Class 2 bangabetha — bengabetha bangebethe — bengebethe
Class 3 ungabetha — ungabetha ungebethe — ungebethe
Class 4 ingabetha — ingabetha ingebethe — ingebethe
Class 5 lingabetha — lingabetha lingebethe — lingebethe
Class 6 angabetha — engabetha angebethe — engebethe
Class 7 singabetha — singabetha singebethe — singebethe
Class 8 zingabetha — zingabetha zingebethe — zingebethe
Class 9 ingabetha — ingabetha ingebethe — ingebethe
Class 10 zingabetha — zingabetha zingebethe — zingebethe
Class 11 lungabetha — lungabetha lungebethe — lungebethe
Class 14 bungabetha — bungabetha bungebethe — bungebethe
Class 15 kungabetha — kungabetha kungebethe — kungebethe
Class 17 kungabetha — kungabetha kungebethe — kungebethe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizobetha engizobetha ngizobetha angizubetha engingezubetha ngingezubetha
2nd singular uzobetha ozobetha uzobetha awuzubetha ongezubetha ungezubetha
1st plural sizobetha esizobetha sizobetha asizubetha esingezubetha singezubetha
2nd plural nizobetha enizobetha nizobetha anizubetha eningezubetha ningezubetha
Class 1 uzobetha ozobetha ezobetha akazubetha ongezubetha engezubetha
Class 2 bazobetha abazobetha bezobetha abazubetha abangezubetha bengezubetha
Class 3 uzobetha ozobetha uzobetha awuzubetha ongezubetha ungezubetha
Class 4 izobetha ezobetha izobetha ayizubetha engezubetha ingezubetha
Class 5 lizobetha elizobetha lizobetha alizubetha elingezubetha lingezubetha
Class 6 azobetha azobetha ezobetha awazubetha angezubetha engezubetha
Class 7 sizobetha esizobetha sizobetha asizubetha esingezubetha singezubetha
Class 8 zizobetha ezizobetha zizobetha azizubetha ezingezubetha zingezubetha
Class 9 izobetha ezobetha izobetha ayizubetha engezubetha ingezubetha
Class 10 zizobetha ezizobetha zizobetha azizubetha ezingezubetha zingezubetha
Class 11 luzobetha oluzobetha luzobetha aluzubetha olungezubetha lungezubetha
Class 14 buzobetha obuzobetha buzobetha abuzubetha obungezubetha bungezubetha
Class 15 kuzobetha okuzobetha kuzobetha akuzubetha okungezubetha kungezubetha
Class 17 kuzobetha okuzobetha kuzobetha akuzubetha okungezubetha kungezubetha
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyobetha engiyobetha ngiyobetha angiyubetha engingeyubetha ngingeyubetha
2nd singular uyobetha oyobetha uyobetha awuyubetha ongeyubetha ungeyubetha
1st plural siyobetha esiyobetha siyobetha asiyubetha esingeyubetha singeyubetha
2nd plural niyobetha eniyobetha niyobetha aniyubetha eningeyubetha ningeyubetha
Class 1 uyobetha oyobetha eyobetha akayubetha ongeyubetha engeyubetha
Class 2 bayobetha abayobetha beyobetha abayubetha abangeyubetha bengeyubetha
Class 3 uyobetha oyobetha uyobetha awuyubetha ongeyubetha ungeyubetha
Class 4 iyobetha eyobetha iyobetha ayiyubetha engeyubetha ingeyubetha
Class 5 liyobetha eliyobetha liyobetha aliyubetha elingeyubetha lingeyubetha
Class 6 ayobetha ayobetha eyobetha awayubetha angeyubetha engeyubetha
Class 7 siyobetha esiyobetha siyobetha asiyubetha esingeyubetha singeyubetha
Class 8 ziyobetha eziyobetha ziyobetha aziyubetha ezingeyubetha zingeyubetha
Class 9 iyobetha eyobetha iyobetha ayiyubetha engeyubetha ingeyubetha
Class 10 ziyobetha eziyobetha ziyobetha aziyubetha ezingeyubetha zingeyubetha
Class 11 luyobetha oluyobetha luyobetha aluyubetha olungeyubetha lungeyubetha
Class 14 buyobetha obuyobetha buyobetha abuyubetha obungeyubetha bungeyubetha
Class 15 kuyobetha okuyobetha kuyobetha akuyubetha okungeyubetha kungeyubetha
Class 17 kuyobetha okuyobetha kuyobetha akuyubetha okungeyubetha kungeyubetha
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngibethe ngingabethi
2nd singular ubethe ungabethi
1st plural sibethe singabethi
2nd plural nibethe ningabethi
Class 1 abethe angabethi
Class 2 babethe bangabethi
Class 3 ubethe ungabethi
Class 4 ibethe ingabethi
Class 5 libethe lingabethi
Class 6 abethe angabethi
Class 7 sibethe singabethi
Class 8 zibethe zingabethi
Class 9 ibethe ingabethi
Class 10 zibethe zingabethi
Class 11 lubethe lungabethi
Class 14 bubethe bungabethi
Class 15 kubethe kungabethi
Class 17 kubethe kungabethi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngabetha ngangabetha, angabetha, angangabetha
2nd singular wabetha wangabetha, awabetha, awangabetha
1st plural sabetha sangabetha, asabetha, asangabetha
2nd plural nabetha nangabetha, anabetha, anangabetha
Class 1 wabetha wangabetha, akabetha, akangabetha
Class 2 babetha bangabetha, ababetha, abangabetha
Class 3 wabetha wangabetha, awabetha, awangabetha
Class 4 yabetha yangabetha, ayabetha, ayangabetha
Class 5 labetha langabetha, alabetha, alangabetha
Class 6 abetha angabetha, awabetha, awangabetha
Class 7 sabetha sangabetha, asabetha, asangabetha
Class 8 zabetha zangabetha, azabetha, azangabetha
Class 9 yabetha yangabetha, ayabetha, ayangabetha
Class 10 zabetha zangabetha, azabetha, azangabetha
Class 11 lwabetha lwangabetha, alwabetha, alwangabetha
Class 14 babetha bangabetha, ababetha, abangabetha
Class 15 kwabetha kwangabetha, akwabetha, akwangabetha
Class 17 kwabetha kwangabetha, akwabetha, akwangabetha
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