cruas

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern crua).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais)

  1. hardness
  2. stinginess

Declension
Declension of cruas

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative cruas
Vocative a chruais
Genitive cruais
Dative cruas

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an cruas
Genitive an chruais
Dative leis an gcruas

don chruas

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cruas chruas gcruas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Old Galician-Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

  1. feminine plural of cruu

Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

  1. feminine plural of cru

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern cruaidh, which probably shares the same ultimate root).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais, no plural)

  1. difficulty, hardship, crisis, severity, durability, distress, rigour
  2. illiberality, stinginess

Synonyms
  • (illiberality): mì-shuairceas, neo-fhialaidheachd, neo-fhlathaileachd, neo-uaisle

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
cruaschruas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “cruas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “crúas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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