cwala

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ǀwaːla/

Verb

-cwala

  1. to dress the hair

Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukucwala
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukucwala ukungacwali
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular cwala -cwale
Plural cwalani -cwaleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyacwala, ngicwala engicwalayo, engicwala ngicwala angicwali engingacwali ngingacwali
2nd singular uyacwala, ucwala ocwalayo, ocwala ucwala awucwali ongacwali ungacwali
1st plural siyacwala, sicwala esicwalayo, esicwala sicwala asicwali esingacwali singacwali
2nd plural niyacwala, nicwala enicwalayo, enicwala nicwala anicwali eningacwali ningacwali
Class 1 uyacwala, ucwala ocwalayo, ocwala ecwala akacwali ongacwali engacwali
Class 2 bayacwala, bacwala abacwalayo, abacwala becwala abacwali abangacwali bengacwali
Class 3 uyacwala, ucwala ocwalayo, ocwala ucwala awucwali ongacwali ungacwali
Class 4 iyacwala, icwala ecwalayo, ecwala icwala ayicwali engacwali ingacwali
Class 5 liyacwala, licwala elicwalayo, elicwala licwala alicwali elingacwali lingacwali
Class 6 ayacwala, acwala acwalayo, acwala ecwala awacwali angacwali engacwali
Class 7 siyacwala, sicwala esicwalayo, esicwala sicwala asicwali esingacwali singacwali
Class 8 ziyacwala, zicwala ezicwalayo, ezicwala zicwala azicwali ezingacwali zingacwali
Class 9 iyacwala, icwala ecwalayo, ecwala icwala ayicwali engacwali ingacwali
Class 10 ziyacwala, zicwala ezicwalayo, ezicwala zicwala azicwali ezingacwali zingacwali
Class 11 luyacwala, lucwala olucwalayo, olucwala lucwala alucwali olungacwali lungacwali
Class 14 buyacwala, bucwala obucwalayo, obucwala bucwala abucwali obungacwali bungacwali
Class 15 kuyacwala, kucwala okucwalayo, okucwala kucwala akucwali okungacwali kungacwali
Class 17 kuyacwala, kucwala okucwalayo, okucwala kucwala akucwali okungacwali kungacwali
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngicwalile, ngicwalē engicwalile, engicwalē ngicwalile, ngicwalē angicwalanga engingacwalanga ngingacwalanga
2nd singular ucwalile, ucwalē ocwalile, ocwalē ucwalile, ucwalē awucwalanga ongacwalanga ungacwalanga
1st plural sicwalile, sicwalē esicwalile, esicwalē sicwalile, sicwalē asicwalanga esingacwalanga singacwalanga
2nd plural nicwalile, nicwalē enicwalile, enicwalē nicwalile, nicwalē anicwalanga eningacwalanga ningacwalanga
Class 1 ucwalile, ucwalē ocwalile, ocwalē ecwalile, ecwalē akacwalanga ongacwalanga engacwalanga
Class 2 bacwalile, bacwalē abacwalile, abacwalē becwalile, becwalē abacwalanga abangacwalanga bengacwalanga
Class 3 ucwalile, ucwalē ocwalile, ocwalē ucwalile, ucwalē awucwalanga ongacwalanga ungacwalanga
Class 4 icwalile, icwalē ecwalile, ecwalē icwalile, icwalē ayicwalanga engacwalanga ingacwalanga
Class 5 licwalile, licwalē elicwalile, elicwalē licwalile, licwalē alicwalanga elingacwalanga lingacwalanga
Class 6 acwalile, acwalē acwalile, acwalē ecwalile, ecwalē awacwalanga angacwalanga engacwalanga
Class 7 sicwalile, sicwalē esicwalile, esicwalē sicwalile, sicwalē asicwalanga esingacwalanga singacwalanga
Class 8 zicwalile, zicwalē ezicwalile, ezicwalē zicwalile, zicwalē azicwalanga ezingacwalanga zingacwalanga
Class 9 icwalile, icwalē ecwalile, ecwalē icwalile, icwalē ayicwalanga engacwalanga ingacwalanga
Class 10 zicwalile, zicwalē ezicwalile, ezicwalē zicwalile, zicwalē azicwalanga ezingacwalanga zingacwalanga
Class 11 lucwalile, lucwalē olucwalile, olucwalē lucwalile, lucwalē alucwalanga olungacwalanga lungacwalanga
Class 14 bucwalile, bucwalē obucwalile, obucwalē bucwalile, bucwalē abucwalanga obungacwalanga bungacwalanga
Class 15 kucwalile, kucwalē okucwalile, okucwalē kucwalile, kucwalē akucwalanga okungacwalanga kungacwalanga
Class 17 kucwalile, kucwalē okucwalile, okucwalē kucwalile, kucwalē akucwalanga okungacwalanga kungacwalanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngācwala engācwala ngācwala angicwalanga engingacwalanga ngingacwalanga
2nd singular wācwala owācwala wācwala awucwalanga ongacwalanga ungacwalanga
1st plural sācwala esācwala sācwala asicwalanga esingacwalanga singacwalanga
2nd plural nācwala enācwala nācwala anicwalanga eningacwalanga ningacwalanga
Class 1 wācwala owācwala ācwala akacwalanga ongacwalanga engacwalanga
Class 2 bācwala abācwala bācwala abacwalanga abangacwalanga bengacwalanga
Class 3 wācwala owācwala wācwala awucwalanga ongacwalanga ungacwalanga
Class 4 yācwala eyācwala yācwala ayicwalanga engacwalanga ingacwalanga
Class 5 lācwala elācwala lācwala alicwalanga elingacwalanga lingacwalanga
Class 6 ācwala ācwala ācwala awacwalanga angacwalanga engacwalanga
Class 7 sācwala esācwala sācwala asicwalanga esingacwalanga singacwalanga
Class 8 zācwala ezācwala zācwala azicwalanga ezingacwalanga zingacwalanga
Class 9 yācwala eyācwala yācwala ayicwalanga engacwalanga ingacwalanga
Class 10 zācwala ezācwala zācwala azicwalanga ezingacwalanga zingacwalanga
Class 11 lwācwala olwācwala lwācwala alucwalanga olungacwalanga lungacwalanga
Class 14 bācwala obācwala bācwala abucwalanga obungacwalanga bungacwalanga
Class 15 kwācwala okwācwala kwācwala akucwalanga okungacwalanga kungacwalanga
Class 17 kwācwala okwācwala kwācwala akucwalanga okungacwalanga kungacwalanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingacwala — ngingacwala ngingecwale — ngingecwale
2nd singular ungacwala — ungacwala ungecwale — ungecwale
1st plural singacwala — singacwala singecwale — singecwale
2nd plural ningacwala — ningacwala ningecwale — ningecwale
Class 1 angacwala — engacwala angecwale — engecwale
Class 2 bangacwala — bengacwala bangecwale — bengecwale
Class 3 ungacwala — ungacwala ungecwale — ungecwale
Class 4 ingacwala — ingacwala ingecwale — ingecwale
Class 5 lingacwala — lingacwala lingecwale — lingecwale
Class 6 angacwala — engacwala angecwale — engecwale
Class 7 singacwala — singacwala singecwale — singecwale
Class 8 zingacwala — zingacwala zingecwale — zingecwale
Class 9 ingacwala — ingacwala ingecwale — ingecwale
Class 10 zingacwala — zingacwala zingecwale — zingecwale
Class 11 lungacwala — lungacwala lungecwale — lungecwale
Class 14 bungacwala — bungacwala bungecwale — bungecwale
Class 15 kungacwala — kungacwala kungecwale — kungecwale
Class 17 kungacwala — kungacwala kungecwale — kungecwale
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizocwala engizocwala ngizocwala angizucwala engingezucwala ngingezucwala
2nd singular uzocwala ozocwala uzocwala awuzucwala ongezucwala ungezucwala
1st plural sizocwala esizocwala sizocwala asizucwala esingezucwala singezucwala
2nd plural nizocwala enizocwala nizocwala anizucwala eningezucwala ningezucwala
Class 1 uzocwala ozocwala ezocwala akazucwala ongezucwala engezucwala
Class 2 bazocwala abazocwala bezocwala abazucwala abangezucwala bengezucwala
Class 3 uzocwala ozocwala uzocwala awuzucwala ongezucwala ungezucwala
Class 4 izocwala ezocwala izocwala ayizucwala engezucwala ingezucwala
Class 5 lizocwala elizocwala lizocwala alizucwala elingezucwala lingezucwala
Class 6 azocwala azocwala ezocwala awazucwala angezucwala engezucwala
Class 7 sizocwala esizocwala sizocwala asizucwala esingezucwala singezucwala
Class 8 zizocwala ezizocwala zizocwala azizucwala ezingezucwala zingezucwala
Class 9 izocwala ezocwala izocwala ayizucwala engezucwala ingezucwala
Class 10 zizocwala ezizocwala zizocwala azizucwala ezingezucwala zingezucwala
Class 11 luzocwala oluzocwala luzocwala aluzucwala olungezucwala lungezucwala
Class 14 buzocwala obuzocwala buzocwala abuzucwala obungezucwala bungezucwala
Class 15 kuzocwala okuzocwala kuzocwala akuzucwala okungezucwala kungezucwala
Class 17 kuzocwala okuzocwala kuzocwala akuzucwala okungezucwala kungezucwala
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyocwala engiyocwala ngiyocwala angiyucwala engingeyucwala ngingeyucwala
2nd singular uyocwala oyocwala uyocwala awuyucwala ongeyucwala ungeyucwala
1st plural siyocwala esiyocwala siyocwala asiyucwala esingeyucwala singeyucwala
2nd plural niyocwala eniyocwala niyocwala aniyucwala eningeyucwala ningeyucwala
Class 1 uyocwala oyocwala eyocwala akayucwala ongeyucwala engeyucwala
Class 2 bayocwala abayocwala beyocwala abayucwala abangeyucwala bengeyucwala
Class 3 uyocwala oyocwala uyocwala awuyucwala ongeyucwala ungeyucwala
Class 4 iyocwala eyocwala iyocwala ayiyucwala engeyucwala ingeyucwala
Class 5 liyocwala eliyocwala liyocwala aliyucwala elingeyucwala lingeyucwala
Class 6 ayocwala ayocwala eyocwala awayucwala angeyucwala engeyucwala
Class 7 siyocwala esiyocwala siyocwala asiyucwala esingeyucwala singeyucwala
Class 8 ziyocwala eziyocwala ziyocwala aziyucwala ezingeyucwala zingeyucwala
Class 9 iyocwala eyocwala iyocwala ayiyucwala engeyucwala ingeyucwala
Class 10 ziyocwala eziyocwala ziyocwala aziyucwala ezingeyucwala zingeyucwala
Class 11 luyocwala oluyocwala luyocwala aluyucwala olungeyucwala lungeyucwala
Class 14 buyocwala obuyocwala buyocwala abuyucwala obungeyucwala bungeyucwala
Class 15 kuyocwala okuyocwala kuyocwala akuyucwala okungeyucwala kungeyucwala
Class 17 kuyocwala okuyocwala kuyocwala akuyucwala okungeyucwala kungeyucwala
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngicwale ngingacwali
2nd singular ucwale ungacwali
1st plural sicwale singacwali
2nd plural nicwale ningacwali
Class 1 acwale angacwali
Class 2 bacwale bangacwali
Class 3 ucwale ungacwali
Class 4 icwale ingacwali
Class 5 licwale lingacwali
Class 6 acwale angacwali
Class 7 sicwale singacwali
Class 8 zicwale zingacwali
Class 9 icwale ingacwali
Class 10 zicwale zingacwali
Class 11 lucwale lungacwali
Class 14 bucwale bungacwali
Class 15 kucwale kungacwali
Class 17 kucwale kungacwali
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngacwala ngangacwala, angacwala, angangacwala
2nd singular wacwala wangacwala, awacwala, awangacwala
1st plural sacwala sangacwala, asacwala, asangacwala
2nd plural nacwala nangacwala, anacwala, anangacwala
Class 1 wacwala wangacwala, akacwala, akangacwala
Class 2 bacwala bangacwala, abacwala, abangacwala
Class 3 wacwala wangacwala, awacwala, awangacwala
Class 4 yacwala yangacwala, ayacwala, ayangacwala
Class 5 lacwala langacwala, alacwala, alangacwala
Class 6 acwala angacwala, awacwala, awangacwala
Class 7 sacwala sangacwala, asacwala, asangacwala
Class 8 zacwala zangacwala, azacwala, azangacwala
Class 9 yacwala yangacwala, ayacwala, ayangacwala
Class 10 zacwala zangacwala, azacwala, azangacwala
Class 11 lwacwala lwangacwala, alwacwala, alwangacwala
Class 14 bacwala bangacwala, abacwala, abangacwala
Class 15 kwacwala kwangacwala, akwacwala, akwangacwala
Class 17 kwacwala kwangacwala, akwacwala, akwangacwala

References
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