daingen

Old Irish

Etymology

Unknown. It can't be related to Old Irish dingid (“to press”) because of the vowel. It could be related to *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”) but the semantic connection in unclear.[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdaŋʲɡʲen/

Adjective

daingen (comparative daingniu)

  1. strong, firm, solid

Inflection
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative daingen daingen daingen
Vocative daingin*
daingen**
Accusative daingen daingin
Genitive daingin daingne daingin
Dative daingen daingin daingen
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative daingin daingne
Vocative daingniu
daingne†
Accusative daingniu
daingne†
Genitive daingen
Dative daingnib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Derived terms
  • daingne
  • daingnech
  • daingnecht
  • daingnid
  • daingnigidir

Descendants
  • Irish: daingean
  • Scottish Gaelic: daingeann

Noun

daingen n

  1. stronghold, fastness, fortress, defence
  2. enclosure, fence
  3. bond, compact, covenant, espousal, security

Inflection
Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative daingenN daingenN daingenL, daingne
Vocative daingenN daingenN daingenL, daingne
Accusative daingenN daingenN daingenL, daingne
Genitive dainginL daingen daingenN
Dative daingenL daingnib daingnib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
daingen daingen
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/		 ndaingen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “Di-N-G-O-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96) Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume D, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages D-11-12

Further reading
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