dearg

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdʲaɾˠəɡ/
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /ˈdʲaɾˠək/[1]
  • (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /ˈdʲæɾˠəɡ/

Adjective

dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. live (being in a state of ignition; burning)

Declension
Declension of dearg
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative dearg dhearg dearga;
dhearga²
Vocative dheirg dearga
Genitive deirge dearga dearg
Dative dearg;
dhearg¹		 dhearg;
dheirg (archaic)		 dearga;
dhearga²
Comparative níos deirge
Superlative is deirge

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Synonyms
  • rua
  • (being in a state of ignition; burning): beo

Derived terms

Verb

dearg (present analytic deargann, future analytic deargfaidh, verbal noun deargadh, past participle deargtha)

  1. (transitive) to redden
  2. (transitive) to light (cigarette, pipe, etc.)

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present deargaim deargann tú;
deargair†		 deargann sé, sí deargaimid deargann sibh deargann siad;
deargaid†		 a dheargann; a dheargas /
a ndeargann*; a ndeargas*		 deargtar
past dhearg mé; dheargas dhearg tú; dheargais dhearg sé, sí dheargamar; dhearg muid dhearg sibh; dheargabhair dhearg siad; dheargadar a dhearg /
ar dhearg*		 deargadh
past habitual dheargainn / ndeargainn‡‡ dheargtá / ndeargtᇇ dheargadh sé, sí / ndeargadh sé, s퇇 dheargaimis; dheargadh muid / ndeargaimis‡‡; ndeargadh muid‡‡ dheargadh sibh / ndeargadh sibh‡‡ dheargaidís; dheargadh siad / ndeargaidís‡‡; ndeargadh siad‡‡ a dheargadh /
a ndeargadh*		 dheargtaí / ndeargta퇇
future deargfaidh mé;
deargfad		 deargfaidh tú;
deargfair†		 deargfaidh sé, sí deargfaimid;
deargfaidh muid		 deargfaidh sibh deargfaidh siad;
deargfaid†		 a dheargfaidh; a dheargfas /
a ndeargfaidh*; a ndeargfas*		 deargfar
conditional dheargfainn / ndeargfainn‡‡ dheargfá / ndeargfᇇ dheargfadh sé, sí / ndeargfadh sé, s퇇 dheargfaimis; dheargfadh muid / ndeargfaimis‡‡; ndeargfadh muid‡‡ dheargfadh sibh / ndeargfadh sibh‡‡ dheargfaidís; dheargfadh siad / ndeargfaidís‡‡; ndeargfadh siad‡‡ a dheargfadh /
a ndeargfadh*		 dheargfaí / ndeargfa퇇
subjunctive present go ndearga mé;
go ndeargad†		 go ndearga tú;
go ndeargair†		 go ndearga sé, sí go ndeargaimid;
go ndearga muid		 go ndearga sibh go ndearga siad;
go ndeargaid†		 — go ndeargtar
past dá ndeargainn dá ndeargtá dá ndeargadh sé, sí dá ndeargaimis;
dá ndeargadh muid		 dá ndeargadh sibh dá ndeargaidís;
dá ndeargadh siad		 — dá ndeargtaí
imperative deargaim dearg deargadh sé, sí deargaimis deargaigí;
deargaidh†		 deargaidís — deargtar
verbal noun deargadh
past participle deargtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dearg dhearg ndearg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also
Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg; corcairdhearg              oráiste, flannbhuí; donn              buí; bánbhuí
             líoma-ghlas, glas líoma              glas, uaine              dath an mhiontais
             cian              gormghlas, spéirghorm              gorm
             corcairghorm; indeagó              maigeanta; corcra              bándearg

References
  1. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 75

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtʲɛɾɛk/

Noun

dearg m (genitive singular deirg)

  1. red

Adjective

dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, nominative plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. reddish (forming compounds with other colours)
  3. complete, utter (as intensifier)

Declension
Case Masculine singular Feminine singular Plural
Nominative dearg dhearg dearga
Vocative dheirg dhearg dearga
Genitive dheirg dheirg/deirge dearga
Dative dearg dheirg dearga

Derived terms

Adverb

dearg

  1. completely, utterly

See also
Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orainds; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
deargdhearg
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “dearg”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “derg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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