ecqui

Latin

Determiner

ecquī or ecquis (feminine ecqua or ecquae, neuter ecquod); indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun (interrogative pronoun)

  1. (determiner) any
    • Plautus, Pseudolus, actus I. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. IV of five volumes, 1930, p. 200f.:
      Ecquas viginti minas
      paritas ut auferas a me?
      And you are making ready to get eighty pounds out of me ?
    • Publius Ovidius Naso, Ex Ponto, liber IV. In: Ovid with an English translation, Tristia • Ex Ponto, by Arthur Leslie Wheeler, 1939, p. 464f.:
      ecquos tu silices, ecquod, carissime, ferrum
      duritiae confers, Albinovane, meae ?
      Can you compare any flint, Albinovanus, any iron to my endurance ?
  2. (pronoun) anyone, anything
    • Plautus, Stichus, actus I. In: Plautus with an English translation by Paul Nixon, vol. V of five volumes, 1952, p. 28f.:
      qui cena poscit? ecqui poscit prandio?
      Who offers a dinner? (silence) Anyone offer a lunch? (more silence)

Usage notes
  • Normatively, ecquī is a determiner (used adjectivally) and ecquis is a pronoun (used substantively), but the opposite usages can be found, even among the best Classical writers.
  • ecquī is attested in the plural.

Declension

Indeclinable portion with a relative/interrogative pronoun.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ecquī1
ecquis		 ecqua
ecquae		 ecquod ecquī1 ecquae ecqua
ecquae
Genitive — —
Dative eccui1
Accusative ecquem ecquam ecquod ecquōs ecquās ecqua
ecquae
Ablative ecquō ecquā ecquō —

1In Republican Latin or earlier, alternative spellings could be found for the following forms of quī/quis and its compounds: the masculine nominative singular or plural quī (old spelling quei), the genitive singular cuius (old spelling quoius), the dative singular cui (old spelling quoi or quoiei), the dative/ablative plural quīs (old spelling queis).

  • The declension is similar to aliquī. In particular, the feminine nominative singular and neuter nominative/accusative plural forms are normally ecqua, but ecquae is also found. The feminine nominative plural can only be ecquae.
  • The following forms are unattested in Classical Latin, although they may possibly be found in more recent texts: genitive singular eccuius, masculine/neuter genitive plural ecquōrum, feminine genitive plural ecquārum, dative/ablative plural ecquibus.

See also

References
  • “ecqui”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ecqui”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ecqui in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
  • ecqui in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 570
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