eschiver

Old French

Etymology

Frankish *sciuhan (“to dread, shun, avoid”), from Proto-Germanic *skiuhwaną, *skiwaną (“to frighten”). Cognate with Old High German sciuhen (“to frighten, make fearful”), Dutch schuwen (“to caution”). More at shy.

Verb

eschiver

to escape; to flee
- circa 1180,, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette, line 6669-6670:
  Et ce ne volsist ele pas.
  Por ce eschive les max pas
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
to avoid
- circa 1250, Rutebeuf, Ci commence le miracle de Théophile:
  Mes il s'est en si haut leu mis
  Por eschiver ses anemis
  But he's put himself in such a high place
  to avoid his enemies
to refuse to deny

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of eschiver (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		eschiver			avoir eschivé
gerund		en eschivant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		eschivant
past participle		eschivé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	eschif	eschives	eschive	eschivons	eschivez	eschivent
	imperfect	eschivoie, eschiveie, eschivoe, eschiveve	eschivoies, eschiveies, eschivoes, eschiveves	eschivoit, eschiveit, eschivot, eschiveve	eschiviiens, eschiviens	eschiviiez, eschiviez	eschivoient, eschiveient, eschivoent, eschivevent
	preterite	eschivai	eschivas	eschiva	eschivames	eschivastes	eschiverent
	future	eschiverai	eschiveras	eschivera	eschiverons	eschiveroiz, eschivereiz, eschiverez	eschiveront
	conditional	eschiveroie, eschivereie	eschiveroies, eschivereies	eschiveroit, eschivereit	eschiveriiens, eschiveriens	eschiveriiez, eschiveriez	eschiveroient, eschivereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	eschif	eschis	eschit	eschivons	eschivez	eschivent
simple tenses	imperfect	eschivasse	eschivasses	eschivast	eschivissons, eschivissiens	eschivissoiz, eschivissez, eschivissiez	eschivassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	eschive	—	eschivons	eschivez	—

Related terms

eschivance
eschivable
eschivee
eschivement

Descendants

English: eschew (borrowed)
French: esquiver
Italian: schifare, schivare (borrowed)
Spanish: esquivar (borrowed)

References

Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (eschiver)

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