excaldo

Latin

Etymology

From ex- +‎ caldus (“hot”) +‎ -ō (verb-forming suffix), the second element from earlier calidus.

Pronunciation
  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ekˈskal.doː/, [ɛkˈs̠käɫ̪d̪oː]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ekˈskal.do/, [ekˈskäl̪d̪o]

Verb

excaldō (present infinitive excaldāre, perfect active excaldāvī, supine excaldātum); first conjugation

  1. (Late Latin) I wash or bathe in warm or hot water.

Conjugation
   Conjugation of excaldō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excaldō excaldās excaldat excaldāmus excaldātis excaldant
imperfect excaldābam excaldābās excaldābat excaldābāmus excaldābātis excaldābant
future excaldābō excaldābis excaldābit excaldābimus excaldābitis excaldābunt
perfect excaldāvī excaldāvistī excaldāvit excaldāvimus excaldāvistis excaldāvērunt,
excaldāvēre
pluperfect excaldāveram excaldāverās excaldāverat excaldāverāmus excaldāverātis excaldāverant
future perfect excaldāverō excaldāveris excaldāverit excaldāverimus excaldāveritis excaldāverint
passive present excaldor excaldāris,
excaldāre		 excaldātur excaldāmur excaldāminī excaldantur
imperfect excaldābar excaldābāris,
excaldābāre		 excaldābātur excaldābāmur excaldābāminī excaldābantur
future excaldābor excaldāberis,
excaldābere		 excaldābitur excaldābimur excaldābiminī excaldābuntur
perfect excaldātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect excaldātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect excaldātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excaldem excaldēs excaldet excaldēmus excaldētis excaldent
imperfect excaldārem excaldārēs excaldāret excaldārēmus excaldārētis excaldārent
perfect excaldāverim excaldāverīs excaldāverit excaldāverīmus excaldāverītis excaldāverint
pluperfect excaldāvissem excaldāvissēs excaldāvisset excaldāvissēmus excaldāvissētis excaldāvissent
passive present excalder excaldēris,
excaldēre		 excaldētur excaldēmur excaldēminī excaldentur
imperfect excaldārer excaldārēris,
excaldārēre		 excaldārētur excaldārēmur excaldārēminī excaldārentur
perfect excaldātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect excaldātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — excaldā — — excaldāte —
future — excaldātō excaldātō — excaldātōte excaldantō
passive present — excaldāre — — excaldāminī —
future — excaldātor excaldātor — — excaldantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives excaldāre excaldāvisse excaldātūrum esse excaldārī excaldātum esse excaldātum īrī
participles excaldāns — excaldātūrus — excaldātus excaldandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
excaldandī excaldandō excaldandum excaldandō excaldātum excaldātū

Descendants
  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: scaldu ⇒ ascaldu, ascãldari
    • Romanian: scălda, scăldare
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Italian: scaldare
    • Neapolitan:
      Ausonia: scautà
      Matera: scallà
    • Sicilian: scaudari, squadari
  • North Italian:
    • Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitano-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:
    • ⇒ Sardinian: iscadda (“boiling water”)

References

Further reading
  • “excaldo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • excaldo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
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