exhortar

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from English exhort, French exhorter, Italian esortare, Spanish exhortar.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ekshorˈtar/, /eɡzhorˈtar/

Verb

exhortar (present tense exhortas, past tense exhortis, future tense exhortos, imperative exhortez, conditional exhortus)

  1. (transitive) to exhort, urge, try to persuade

Conjugation
    Conjugation of exhortar
present past future
infinitive exhortar exhortir exhortor
tense exhortas exhortis exhortos
conditional exhortus
imperative exhortez
adjective active participle exhortanta exhortinta exhortonta
adverbial active participle exhortante exhortinte exhortonte
nominal active participle singular exhortanto exhortinto exhortonto
plural exhortanti exhortinti exhortonti
adjective passive participle exhortata exhortita exhortota
adverbial passive participle exhortate exhortite exhortote
nominal passive participle singular exhortato exhortito exhortoto
plural exhortati exhortiti exhortoti

Portuguese

Verb

exhortar (first-person singular present exhorto, first-person singular preterite exhortei, past participle exhortado)

  1. Obsolete form of exortar.
  2. inflection of exhortar:
    1. first/third-person singular future subjunctive
    2. first/third-person singular personal infinitive

Conjugation
    Conjugation of exhortar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal exhortar
Personal exhortar exhortares exhortar exhortarmos exhortardes exhortarem
Gerund
exhortando
Past participle
Masculine exhortado exhortados
Feminine exhortada exhortadas
Indicative
Present exhorto exhortas exhorta exhortamos exhortais exhortam
Imperfect exhortava exhortavas exhortava exhortávamos exhortáveis exhortavam
Preterite exhortei exhortaste exhortou exhortamos1, exhortámos2 exhortastes exhortaram
Pluperfect exhortara exhortaras exhortara exhortáramos exhortáreis exhortaram
Future exhortarei exhortarás exhortará exhortaremos exhortareis exhortarão
Conditional
exhortaria exhortarias exhortaria exhortaríamos exhortaríeis exhortariam
Subjunctive
Present exhorte exhortes exhorte exhortemos exhorteis exhortem
Imperfect exhortasse exhortasses exhortasse exhortássemos exhortásseis exhortassem
Future exhortar exhortares exhortar exhortarmos exhortardes exhortarem
Imperative
Affirmative exhorta exhorte exhortemos exhortai exhortem
Negative (não) não exhortes não exhorte não exhortemos não exhorteis não exhortem

1Brazil.
2Portugal.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin exhortārī.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /eɡsoɾˈtaɾ/ [eɣ̞.soɾˈt̪aɾ]
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: ex‧hor‧tar

Verb

exhortar (first-person singular present exhorto, first-person singular preterite exhorté, past participle exhortado)

  1. (transitive) to exhort

Conjugation
    Conjugation of exhortar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive exhortar
gerund exhortando
past participle masculine feminine
singular exhortado exhortada
plural exhortados exhortadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present exhorto exhortastú
exhortásvos		 exhorta exhortamos exhortáis exhortan
imperfect exhortaba exhortabas exhortaba exhortábamos exhortabais exhortaban
preterite exhorté exhortaste exhortó exhortamos exhortasteis exhortaron
future exhortaré exhortarás exhortará exhortaremos exhortaréis exhortarán
conditional exhortaría exhortarías exhortaría exhortaríamos exhortaríais exhortarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present exhorte exhortestú
exhortésvos2		 exhorte exhortemos exhortéis exhorten
imperfect
(ra)		 exhortara exhortaras exhortara exhortáramos exhortarais exhortaran
imperfect
(se)		 exhortase exhortases exhortase exhortásemos exhortaseis exhortasen
future1 exhortare exhortares exhortare exhortáremos exhortareis exhortaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative exhortatú
exhortávos		 exhorte exhortemos exhortad exhorten
negative no exhortes no exhorte no exhortemos no exhortéis no exhorten

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of exhortar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive exhortar
dative exhortarme exhortarte exhortarle, exhortarse exhortarnos exhortaros exhortarles, exhortarse
accusative exhortarme exhortarte exhortarlo, exhortarla, exhortarse exhortarnos exhortaros exhortarlos, exhortarlas, exhortarse
with gerund exhortando
dative exhortándome exhortándote exhortándole, exhortándose exhortándonos exhortándoos exhortándoles, exhortándose
accusative exhortándome exhortándote exhortándolo, exhortándola, exhortándose exhortándonos exhortándoos exhortándolos, exhortándolas, exhortándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative exhorta
dative exhórtame exhórtate exhórtale exhórtanos not used exhórtales
accusative exhórtame exhórtate exhórtalo, exhórtala exhórtanos not used exhórtalos, exhórtalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative exhortá
dative exhortame exhortate exhortale exhortanos not used exhortales
accusative exhortame exhortate exhortalo, exhortala exhortanos not used exhortalos, exhortalas
with formal second-person singular imperative exhorte
dative exhórteme not used exhórtele, exhórtese exhórtenos not used exhórteles
accusative exhórteme not used exhórtelo, exhórtela, exhórtese exhórtenos not used exhórtelos, exhórtelas
with first-person plural imperative exhortemos
dative not used exhortémoste exhortémosle exhortémonos exhortémoos exhortémosles
accusative not used exhortémoste exhortémoslo, exhortémosla exhortémonos exhortémoos exhortémoslos, exhortémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative exhortad
dative exhortadme not used exhortadle exhortadnos exhortaos exhortadles
accusative exhortadme not used exhortadlo, exhortadla exhortadnos exhortaos exhortadlos, exhortadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative exhorten
dative exhórtenme not used exhórtenle exhórtennos not used exhórtenles, exhórtense
accusative exhórtenme not used exhórtenlo, exhórtenla exhórtennos not used exhórtenlos, exhórtenlas, exhórtense

Further reading
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