kitsas

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kic'as. Cognate with Finnish kitsas.

Adjective

kitsas (genitive kitsa, partitive kitsast, comparative kitsam, superlative kõige kitsam)

  1. narrow
    Antonym: lai

Declension
Inflection of kitsas (ÕS type 7/kallas, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsad
accusative kitsa kitsad
genitive kitsa kitsaste
partitive kitsast kitsaid
illative kitsasse kitsastesse
kitsaisse
inessive kitsas kitsastes
kitsais
elative kitsast kitsastest
kitsaist
allative kitsale kitsastele
kitsaile
adessive kitsal kitsastel
kitsail
ablative kitsalt kitsastelt
kitsailt
translative kitsaks kitsasteks
kitsaiks
terminative kitsani kitsasteni
essive kitsana kitsastena
abessive kitsata kitsasteta
comitative kitsaga kitsastega

Further reading

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kic'as (compare Estonian kitsas, Ingrian kitsas, Livonian kitsāz), which has been variously and inconclusively connected with Germanic and Baltic.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkitsɑs/, [ˈkits̠ɑs̠]
  • Rhymes: -itsɑs
  • Syllabification(key): kit‧sas

Adjective

kitsas (comparative kitsaampi, superlative kitsain)

  1. stingy, parsimonious, niggard

Declension
Inflection of kitsas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation)
nominative kitsas kitsaat
genitive kitsaan kitsaiden
kitsaitten
partitive kitsasta kitsaita
illative kitsaaseen kitsaisiin
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsaat
accusative nom. kitsas kitsaat
gen. kitsaan
genitive kitsaan kitsaiden
kitsaitten
partitive kitsasta kitsaita
inessive kitsaassa kitsaissa
elative kitsaasta kitsaista
illative kitsaaseen kitsaisiin
kitsaihinrare
adessive kitsaalla kitsailla
ablative kitsaalta kitsailta
allative kitsaalle kitsaille
essive kitsaana kitsaina
translative kitsaaksi kitsaiksi
instructive — kitsain
abessive kitsaatta kitsaitta
comitative — kitsaine
Possessive forms of kitsas (type vieras)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaani kitsaani
accusative nom. kitsaani kitsaani
gen. kitsaani
genitive kitsaani kitsaideni
kitsaitteni
partitive kitsastani kitsaitani
inessive kitsaassani kitsaissani
elative kitsaastani kitsaistani
illative kitsaaseeni kitsaisiini
kitsaihinirare
adessive kitsaallani kitsaillani
ablative kitsaaltani kitsailtani
allative kitsaalleni kitsailleni
essive kitsaanani kitsainani
translative kitsaakseni kitsaikseni
instructive — —
abessive kitsaattani kitsaittani
comitative — kitsaineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaasi kitsaasi
accusative nom. kitsaasi kitsaasi
gen. kitsaasi
genitive kitsaasi kitsaidesi
kitsaittesi
partitive kitsastasi kitsaitasi
inessive kitsaassasi kitsaissasi
elative kitsaastasi kitsaistasi
illative kitsaaseesi kitsaisiisi
kitsaihisirare
adessive kitsaallasi kitsaillasi
ablative kitsaaltasi kitsailtasi
allative kitsaallesi kitsaillesi
essive kitsaanasi kitsainasi
translative kitsaaksesi kitsaiksesi
instructive — —
abessive kitsaattasi kitsaittasi
comitative — kitsainesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaamme kitsaamme
accusative nom. kitsaamme kitsaamme
gen. kitsaamme
genitive kitsaamme kitsaidemme
kitsaittemme
partitive kitsastamme kitsaitamme
inessive kitsaassamme kitsaissamme
elative kitsaastamme kitsaistamme
illative kitsaaseemme kitsaisiimme
kitsaihimmerare
adessive kitsaallamme kitsaillamme
ablative kitsaaltamme kitsailtamme
allative kitsaallemme kitsaillemme
essive kitsaanamme kitsainamme
translative kitsaaksemme kitsaiksemme
instructive — —
abessive kitsaattamme kitsaittamme
comitative — kitsainemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaanne kitsaanne
accusative nom. kitsaanne kitsaanne
gen. kitsaanne
genitive kitsaanne kitsaidenne
kitsaittenne
partitive kitsastanne kitsaitanne
inessive kitsaassanne kitsaissanne
elative kitsaastanne kitsaistanne
illative kitsaaseenne kitsaisiinne
kitsaihinnerare
adessive kitsaallanne kitsaillanne
ablative kitsaaltanne kitsailtanne
allative kitsaallenne kitsaillenne
essive kitsaananne kitsainanne
translative kitsaaksenne kitsaiksenne
instructive — —
abessive kitsaattanne kitsaittanne
comitative — kitsainenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kitsaansa kitsaansa
accusative nom. kitsaansa kitsaansa
gen. kitsaansa
genitive kitsaansa kitsaidensa
kitsaittensa
partitive kitsastaan
kitsastansa		 kitsaitaan
kitsaitansa
inessive kitsaassaan
kitsaassansa		 kitsaissaan
kitsaissansa
elative kitsaastaan
kitsaastansa		 kitsaistaan
kitsaistansa
illative kitsaaseensa kitsaisiinsa
kitsaihinsarare
adessive kitsaallaan
kitsaallansa		 kitsaillaan
kitsaillansa
ablative kitsaaltaan
kitsaaltansa		 kitsailtaan
kitsailtansa
allative kitsaalleen
kitsaallensa		 kitsailleen
kitsaillensa
essive kitsaanaan
kitsaanansa		 kitsainaan
kitsainansa
translative kitsaakseen
kitsaaksensa		 kitsaikseen
kitsaiksensa
instructive — —
abessive kitsaattaan
kitsaattansa		 kitsaittaan
kitsaittansa
comitative — kitsaineen
kitsainensa

Synonyms

Derived terms

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kic'as. Cognates include Finnish kitsas and Estonian kitsas.

Pronunciation

Adjective

kitsas

  1. narrow
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 40:
      Sarat kitsaat laahittii.
      The narrow strips of the field were ploughed.
  2. tight, dense

Declension
Declension of kitsas (type 2/patsas, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsaat
genitive kitsaan kitsain
partitive kitsasta, kitsast kitsaita, kitsaja
illative kitsaasse kitsaisse
inessive kitsaas kitsais
elative kitsaast kitsaist
allative kitsaalle kitsaille
adessive kitsaal kitsail
ablative kitsaalt kitsailt
translative kitsaaks kitsaiks
essive kitsaanna, kitsaan kitsainna, kitsain
exessive1) kitsaant kitsaint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
Soikkola declension of kitsas (type 2/patsas, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kitsas kitsahat,
kitsaat
genitive kitsahan kitsahiin
partitive kitsasta kitsahia
illative kitsahasse kitsahisse
inessive kitsahaas kitsahiis
elative kitsahast kitsahist
allative kitsahalle kitsahille
adessive kitsahaal kitsahiil
ablative kitsahalt kitsahilt
translative kitsahaks kitsahiks
essive kitsahaan kitsahiin
exessive1) kitsahant kitsahint
1) Obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

References
  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 53
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 170
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