kná
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *knēaną, whence also English know. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).
Verb
kná
- (defective) can, could
- c. 9th century, inscription on the Rök runestone
- sakum| |mukmini uaim si burin| |niþʀ troki uilin is þat knuo knati| |iatun
- Sǫgum múgminni/ungmenni, hveim sé borinn niðr drengi. Vilinn er þat. Knúa/knýja knátti jǫtun.
- I say the folktale/to the young men, to whom is born a relative, to a valiant man. It is Vélinn. He could crush a giant.
- c. 9th century, inscription on the Rök runestone
Conjugation
This verb is defective. Notably, the expected infinitive *knega is unattested.
Conjugation of kná (preterite-present)
| infinitive | – | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | knegandi | |
| past participle | – | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kná | knátta |
| 2nd-person singular | knátt | knáttir |
| 3rd-person singular | kná | knátti |
| 1st-person plural | knegum | knáttum |
| 2nd-person plural | kneguð | knáttuð |
| 3rd-person plural | knegu | knáttu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | knega | knætta |
| 2nd-person singular | knegir | knættir |
| 3rd-person singular | knegi | knætti |
| 1st-person plural | knegim | knættim |
| 2nd-person plural | knegið | knættið |
| 3rd-person plural | knegi | knætti |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kneg | |
| 1st-person plural | knegum | |
| 2nd-person plural | kneguð | |
Descendants
- Icelandic: knega
References
- kná in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
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