kurja

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kurja (compare Estonian kuri (“bad, evil”)), of unclear further origin.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkurjɑ]
  • Rhymes: -urjɑ
  • Syllabification(key): kur‧ja

Adjective

kurja (comparative kurjempi, superlative kurjin)

  1. poor, miserable, bad, abysmal
  2. miserable, wretched, pitiful, paltry
  3. wretched, dastardly, contemptible, ignoble

Declension
Inflection of kurja (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative kurja kurjat
genitive kurjan kurjien
partitive kurjaa kurjia
illative kurjaan kurjiin
singular plural
nominative kurja kurjat
accusative nom. kurja kurjat
gen. kurjan
genitive kurjan kurjien
kurjainrare
partitive kurjaa kurjia
inessive kurjassa kurjissa
elative kurjasta kurjista
illative kurjaan kurjiin
adessive kurjalla kurjilla
ablative kurjalta kurjilta
allative kurjalle kurjille
essive kurjana kurjina
translative kurjaksi kurjiksi
instructive — kurjin
abessive kurjatta kurjitta
comitative — kurjine
Possessive forms of kurja (type koira)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kurjani kurjani
accusative nom. kurjani kurjani
gen. kurjani
genitive kurjani kurjieni
kurjainirare
partitive kurjaani kurjiani
inessive kurjassani kurjissani
elative kurjastani kurjistani
illative kurjaani kurjiini
adessive kurjallani kurjillani
ablative kurjaltani kurjiltani
allative kurjalleni kurjilleni
essive kurjanani kurjinani
translative kurjakseni kurjikseni
instructive — —
abessive kurjattani kurjittani
comitative — kurjineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kurjasi kurjasi
accusative nom. kurjasi kurjasi
gen. kurjasi
genitive kurjasi kurjiesi
kurjaisirare
partitive kurjaasi kurjiasi
inessive kurjassasi kurjissasi
elative kurjastasi kurjistasi
illative kurjaasi kurjiisi
adessive kurjallasi kurjillasi
ablative kurjaltasi kurjiltasi
allative kurjallesi kurjillesi
essive kurjanasi kurjinasi
translative kurjaksesi kurjiksesi
instructive — —
abessive kurjattasi kurjittasi
comitative — kurjinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kurjamme kurjamme
accusative nom. kurjamme kurjamme
gen. kurjamme
genitive kurjamme kurjiemme
kurjaimmerare
partitive kurjaamme kurjiamme
inessive kurjassamme kurjissamme
elative kurjastamme kurjistamme
illative kurjaamme kurjiimme
adessive kurjallamme kurjillamme
ablative kurjaltamme kurjiltamme
allative kurjallemme kurjillemme
essive kurjanamme kurjinamme
translative kurjaksemme kurjiksemme
instructive — —
abessive kurjattamme kurjittamme
comitative — kurjinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kurjanne kurjanne
accusative nom. kurjanne kurjanne
gen. kurjanne
genitive kurjanne kurjienne
kurjainnerare
partitive kurjaanne kurjianne
inessive kurjassanne kurjissanne
elative kurjastanne kurjistanne
illative kurjaanne kurjiinne
adessive kurjallanne kurjillanne
ablative kurjaltanne kurjiltanne
allative kurjallenne kurjillenne
essive kurjananne kurjinanne
translative kurjaksenne kurjiksenne
instructive — —
abessive kurjattanne kurjittanne
comitative — kurjinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kurjansa kurjansa
accusative nom. kurjansa kurjansa
gen. kurjansa
genitive kurjansa kurjiensa
kurjainsarare
partitive kurjaansa kurjiaan
kurjiansa
inessive kurjassaan
kurjassansa		 kurjissaan
kurjissansa
elative kurjastaan
kurjastansa		 kurjistaan
kurjistansa
illative kurjaansa kurjiinsa
adessive kurjallaan
kurjallansa		 kurjillaan
kurjillansa
ablative kurjaltaan
kurjaltansa		 kurjiltaan
kurjiltansa
allative kurjalleen
kurjallensa		 kurjilleen
kurjillensa
essive kurjanaan
kurjanansa		 kurjinaan
kurjinansa
translative kurjakseen
kurjaksensa		 kurjikseen
kurjiksensa
instructive — —
abessive kurjattaan
kurjattansa		 kurjittaan
kurjittansa
comitative — kurjineen
kurjinensa

Derived terms

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kurja. Cognates include Finnish kurja and Estonian kuri.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkuri]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkurjɑ]
  • Rhymes: -urj, -urjɑ
  • Hyphenation: kur‧ja

Noun

kurja

  1. bad, evil

Declension
Declension of kurja (type 3/koira, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kurja kurjat
genitive kurjan kurjiin
partitive kurjaa kurjia
illative kurjaa kurjii
inessive kurjaas kurjiis
elative kurjast kurjist
allative kurjalle kurjille
adessive kurjaal kurjiil
ablative kurjalt kurjilt
translative kurjaks kurjiks
essive kurjanna, kurjaan kurjinna, kurjiin
exessive1) kurjant kurjint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 222
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