lernen
See also: Lernen
German
Etymology
From Middle High German lernen, from Old High German lernēn, lirnēn, from Proto-West Germanic *liʀnēn. Cognate with Old English leornian (Modern English learn). Related to lehren.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɛɐnən/
audio (Germany) (file) audio (Berlin) (file) audio (Austria) (file)
Verb
lernen (weak, third-person singular present lernt, past tense lernte, past participle gelernt, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive or transitive) to learn
- Ich lerne noch. ― I’m still learning.
- Ich lerne Spanisch. ― I’m learning Spanish.
- 2010, Der Spiegel, issue 25/2010, page 77:
- Es gilt deshalb, die richtigen Lehren aus der Krise zu ziehen, aus den Fehlern der Vergangenheit zu lernen, um die Zukunft zu sichern.
- Therefore it is necessary to draw the right lessons from the crisis, to learn from the mistakes of the past for securing the future.
- (intransitive) to study (revise or review materials)
- Synonyms: büffeln, pauken, üben, sich vorbereiten
- Ich lerne für meine Prüfung. ― I’m studying for my exam.
- (somewhat informal, transitive) to train to become something
- Synonyms: eine Lehre/Ausbildung machen, ausgebildet werden
- Ich lerne Bäcker. ― I’m training to be a baker.
- (colloquial, nonstandard, transitive, with dative) to teach
- Synonyms: beibringen, lehren
- Das lern ich dir. ― I’ll teach you that.
Conjugation
Conjugation of lernen (weak, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | lernen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | lernend | ||||
| past participle | gelernt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich lerne | wir lernen | i | ich lerne | wir lernen |
| du lernst | ihr lernt | du lernest | ihr lernet | ||
| er lernt | sie lernen | er lerne | sie lernen | ||
| preterite | ich lernte | wir lernten | ii | ich lernte1 | wir lernten1 |
| du lerntest | ihr lerntet | du lerntest1 | ihr lerntet1 | ||
| er lernte | sie lernten | er lernte1 | sie lernten1 | ||
| imperative | lern (du) lerne (du) |
lernt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of lernen (weak, auxiliary haben)
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- “lernen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “lernen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “lernen” in Duden online
- “lernen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883), “lernen”, in , John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Old High German
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *liʀnēn, akin to Old Dutch lernon, Old Frisian lernia, Old English leornian.
Conjugation
Conjugation of lernēn (weak class 3)
| infinitive | lernēn | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | lernem | lerneta |
| 2nd person singular | lernes | lernetos |
| 3rd person singular | lernet | lerneta |
| 1st person plural | lernem, lernemes | lernetum, lernetumes |
| 2nd person plural | lernet | lernetut |
| 3rd person plural | lernent | lernetun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | lerne | lerneti |
| 2nd person singular | lernes | lernetis |
| 3rd person singular | lerne | lerneti |
| 1st person plural | lernem, lernemes | lernetim, lernetimes |
| 2nd person plural | lernet | lernetit |
| 3rd person plural | lernen | lernetin |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | lerne | |
| plural | lernet | |
| participle | present | past |
| lernenti | gilernet | |
Derived terms
- bilernēn
- foralernēn
- gilernēn
- lernunga
- redilernēn
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