lom

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lom"

Czech

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈlom]
  • Rhymes: -om

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech lom, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

lom m

  1. an open mine
  2. Diffraction or refraction
Declension
Declension of lom (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative lom lomy
genitive lomu lomů
dative lomu lomům
accusative lom lomy
vocative lome lomy
locative lomu lomech
instrumental lomem lomy

See also

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lom

  1. second-person singular imperative of lomit

Further reading
  • lom in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • lom in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • lom in Internetová jazyková příručka

Hungarian

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈlom]
  • Hyphenation: lom
  • Rhymes: -om

Noun

lom (plural lomok)

  1. junk, bulky waste

Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative lom lomok
accusative lomot lomokat
dative lomnak lomoknak
instrumental lommal lomokkal
causal-final lomért lomokért
translative lommá lomokká
terminative lomig lomokig
essive-formal lomként lomokként
essive-modal — —
inessive lomban lomokban
superessive lomon lomokon
adessive lomnál lomoknál
illative lomba lomokba
sublative lomra lomokra
allative lomhoz lomokhoz
elative lomból lomokból
delative lomról lomokról
ablative lomtól lomoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular		 lomé lomoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		 loméi lomokéi
Possessive forms of lom
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. lomom lomjaim
2nd person sing. lomod lomjaid
3rd person sing. lomja lomjai
1st person plural lomunk lomjaink
2nd person plural lomotok lomjaitok
3rd person plural lomjuk lomjaik

Derived terms

Further reading
  • lom in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm (“bare, naked; smooth; exact”).

Pronunciation
  • (Munster) IPA(key): /l̪ˠɑumˠ/, /l̪ˠoumˠ/
  • (Galway) IPA(key): /l̪ˠuːmˠ/
  • (Mayo) IPA(key): /l̪ˠʊmˠ/
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /l̪ˠʌmˠ/

Adjective

lom (genitive singular masculine loim, genitive singular feminine loime, plural loma, comparative loime)

  1. bare
    1. (of country) bare, bleak
    2. (of house) unfurnished, unstocked, unadorned
    3. (of clothing) threadbare
    4. (of sheep) shorn, (of oats) husked, clean
    5. (of blade) bare, unsheathed; (of tongue) sharp; (of judge) strict
  2. thin
    1. (of person, animal) thin, spare; (of quarters) lean
    2. (of porridge) thin; (of milk) skim; dilute
  3. close
  4. used intensively with other adjective or with adverb

Declension
Declension of lom
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative lom lom loma
Vocative loim loma
Genitive lome loma lom
Dative lom lom;
loim (archaic)		 loma
Comparative níos lome
Superlative is lome
Obsolete spellings
Declension of lom
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative lom lom loma
Vocative luim loma
Genitive lome loma lom
Dative lom lom;
luim (archaic)		 loma
Comparative níos lome
Superlative is lome

Synonyms

Derived terms

Noun

lom m (genitive singular loim)

  1. bare thing, bareness
  2. openness, exposure
  3. opening for attack
  4. nakedness, poverty

Declension
Declension of lom

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative lom
Vocative a loim
Genitive loim
Dative lom

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an lom
Genitive an loim
Dative leis an lom

don lom

Derived terms
  • ar lom (“bare, without trimmings”)
  • cuireata ar lom (“lone knave”)
  • de lom (“on purpose”)

Verb

lom (present analytic lomann, future analytic lomfaidh, verbal noun lomadh, past participle lomtha)

  1. (transitive) lay bare; strip, denude; mow; (of a sheep) shear; flatten
  2. (intransitive) become bare
  3. (transitive) haul in (a sail, a sheet); close in on, attack (someone)

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present lomaim lomann tú;
lomair†		 lomann sé, sí lomaimid lomann sibh lomann siad;
lomaid†		 a lomann; a lomas lomtar
past lom mé; lomas lom tú; lomais lom sé, sí lomamar; lom muid lom sibh; lomabhair lom siad; lomadar a lom /
ar lom*		 lomadh
past habitual lomainn lomtá lomadh sé, sí lomaimis; lomadh muid lomadh sibh lomaidís; lomadh siad a lomadh /
a lomadh*		 lomtaí
future lomfaidh mé;
lomfad		 lomfaidh tú;
lomfair†		 lomfaidh sé, sí lomfaimid;
lomfaidh muid		 lomfaidh sibh lomfaidh siad;
lomfaid†		 a lomfaidh; a lomfas lomfar
conditional lomfainn lomfá lomfadh sé, sí lomfaimis; lomfadh muid lomfadh sibh lomfaidís; lomfadh siad a lomfadh /
a lomfadh*		 lomfaí
subjunctive present go loma mé;
go lomad†		 go loma tú;
go lomair†		 go loma sé, sí go lomaimid;
go loma muid		 go loma sibh go loma siad;
go lomaid†		 — go lomtar
past dá lomainn dá lomtá dá lomadh sé, sí dá lomaimis;
dá lomadh muid		 dá lomadh sibh dá lomaidís;
dá lomadh siad		 — dá lomtaí
imperative lomaim lom lomadh sé, sí lomaimis lomaigí;
lomaidh†		 lomaidís — lomtar
verbal noun lomadh
past participle lomtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form

Synonyms

Further reading

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьlьmъ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɔm/

Noun

lom m (diminutive lomk)

  1. elm, any tree of the genus Ulmus
    Synonyms: wěz, brěšć

Declension
Declension of lom
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative lom loma lomy
Genitive loma lomowu lomow
Dative lomoju lomoma lomam
Accusative lom loma lomy
Instrumental lomom lomoma lomami
Locative lomje lomoma lomach

Further reading
  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “lom”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “lom”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lommen, indefinite plural lommer, definite plural lommene)

  1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

Noun

lom m (definite singular lomen or lommen, indefinite plural lomar or lommar, definite plural lomane or lommane)

  1. a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

Derived terms

References

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“broken”). Cognates include Old English lama, Old Saxon lam and Old Dutch *lam.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈlom/

Adjective

lom

  1. lame

Descendants
  • North Frisian: lom, laam
  • Saterland Frisian: lom
  • West Frisian: lam

References
  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Plautdietsch

Adjective

lom

  1. lame

Romanian

Etymology

From Russian лом (lom), from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Noun

lom n (plural lomuri)

  1. crowbar

Declension
Declension of lom
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) lom lomul (niște) lomuri lomurile
genitive/dative (unui) lom lomului (unor) lomuri lomurilor
vocative lomule lomurilor

Romansch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin pulmō, from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.

Noun

lom f (plural loms)

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lung

Synonyms

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish lomm.

Adjective

lom (comparative luime)

  1. nude, naked
  2. bare, bleak
  3. leafless
  4. threadbare
  5. thin, meagre
  6. net (weight, sum etc)

Synonyms

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “lom”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lôːm/

Noun

lȏm m (Cyrillic spelling ло̑м)

  1. fracture
  2. breach, breakage
  3. rumpus, ruckus, uproar
  4. refraction, diffraction (of light)

Declension
Declension of lom
singular plural
nominative lȏm lòmovi
genitive lòma lòmōvā
dative lomu lomovima
accusative lom lomove
vocative lome lomovi
locative lomu lomovima
instrumental lomom lomovima

References
  • “lom” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lɔ́m/

Noun

lȍm m inan

  1. fracture

Inflection
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. lòm
gen. sing. lôma
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		 lòm lôma lômi
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		 lôma lômov lômov
dative
(dajȃlnik)		 lômu lômoma lômom
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		 lòm lôma lôme
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		 lômu lômih lômih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		 lômom lômoma lômi

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading
  • “lom”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /lʊm/

Noun

lom c

  1. a loon (bird)

Declension
Declension of lom 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative lom lommen lommar lommarna
Genitive loms lommens lommars lommarnas

Taivoan

Numeral

lom

  1. six
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